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PANDEMIC ALERT LEVEL
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Now tracking the new emerging South Africa Omicron Variant

Now At Level 6

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Mahshadin View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mahshadin Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 15 2009 at 7:47am
Hi Mary008
Yes that is very good news, 2 straight weeks dropping.
 
Here is a little piece I found interesting (Also for those with websites)
 
_________________________________________________________
 
 
__________________________________________________________
Here is an example
_______________________________________________________

5 in 5: Clinician Quick Facts for 2009 H1N1

 
Information from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regarding health protection messages for the 2009 H1N1 flu outbreak.

It's Not Too Late After 48 Hours

While antiviral treatment is most effective when begun within 48 hours of influenza illness onset, studies have shown that hospitalized patients still benefit when treatment is started with oseltamivir more than 48 hours after illness onset. Outpatients, particularly those with risk factors for severe illness who are not improving, might also benefit from treatment initiated more than 48 hours after illness onset.

Many 2009 H1N1 Patients Can Benefit From Antiviral Treatment

All hospitalized patients with suspected or confirmed 2009 H1N1 should receive antiviral treatment with a neuraminidase inhibitor – either oseltamavir or zanamavir. Moderately ill patients, especially those with risk factors for severe illness, and those who appear to be getting worse can also benefit from neuraminidase inhibitors.

No Risk Factors Does Not Mean No Antiviral Treatment

While antivirals are recommended for treatment of 2009 H1N1 in patients with risk factors for severe disease, some people without risk factors may also benefit from antivirals. In fact, 40% of children and 20% of adults who end up hospitalized with complications of 2009 H1N1 have no risk factors. Clinical judgment is always an essential part of treatment decisions.

Treatment Shouldn’t Wait Until Laboratory Confirmation

The earlier antiviral treatment is given, the more effective it is for the patient. If you suspect flu and feel antiviral treatment is warranted, then treat even if the rapid test is negative.  Some rapid influenza screening tests may produce false negative results and obtaining more accurate testing results can take more than one day.

Capsules Can Ease Oseltamivir Suspension Shortage

Commercially produced pediatric oseltamivir suspension is in short supply.  However, there are ample supplies of children's oseltamivir capsules, which can be mixed with syrup at home.  Pharmacies can also compound adult oseltamivir capsules into a suspension for treatment of ill infants and children. Additional information on compounding can be found at: http://www.cdc.gov/H1N1flu/pharmacist/.

 
"In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act."   G Orwell
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 15 2009 at 9:26am
 
 
 
 
Star
Happy Holidays   Everybody :)
 
 
Wishing everyone good health This Thanksgiving...
 
 
How low can it go ?
 
 
INFLUENZA%20Virus%20Isolated 
 
 
 
 
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 18 2009 at 8:05pm
.
 
Hope everyone is keeping well.  take your vitamins... may want to try the D3... I use the little bottle of oil form..2 drops.  I eat my apple a day :)
 
We are having a lot of fun... putting our lights out now because this am there was a blanket of white frost everywhere, our first.   I know it will be a bad winter because there are so few dried crab apples on the tree, I think they have been hidden this year.  Animals seem to know the winter severity ahead of time.
 
 
We wanted more lights and went over to the huge mall near here... it was a "force 10" as my pop calls it...  A new Best Buy went up and was very crowded.  We picked up some Indian Cuisine and headed home.
 
 
Tonight I got out my glue gun and put the finishing touches...and 3 cardinals, on the wreath for the front door.  The big ring of greenery was all of 3.00 a real bargin.
I am also freezing 4 flavors (orange, almond, anise, peppermint) of cookie dough ..
cookies ..we like to give as gifts to family and neighbors.
.......................................................
 
 
 
I thought I would put up this info... as the Pathologist from the Ukraine named this
virus as something he found... It was also something found in many SARS patients...
co-infecting...  you may remember that outbreak a while back.
 
 
 
 
This info is from a great site...   many thanks to them... check them out for more info.
............................................................................................................................................
 
 
eMedicine from WebMD
...........................................
 
 
 
 
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV),
........................................................
 
 
like human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), is classified in the Pneumovirinae subfamily of the Paramyxoviridae family. However, hMPV is most closely genetically related to avian metapneumovirus (formerly called turkey rhinotracheitis virus). These two viruses are classified in the genus Metapneumovirus, with hMPV
 
 
 the first in this genus to cause disease in humans.
 
 
Although it is hypothesized that the human virus originated from birds, the serological evidence that hMPV has been widespread in humans since at least 1958 suggests a zoonotic divergence before this time.1
 
 
 
hMPV was first described in 2001 by researchers in the Netherlands. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification techniques, the virus was isolated from stored nasopharyngeal samples.1 Since this initial report, hMPV has been identified in countries on all continents except Antarctica.

hMPV is a single negative-stranded RNA-enveloped virus. Two major groups (A and B) and 4 subgroups of hMPV have been identified to date.2

Pathophysiology

Scarce data on hMPV pathophysiology based on human studies have been reported.

 
Two prospective studies out of Argentina have quantified cytokine levels in nasal washes taken from subjects with hMPV infection and compared these with cytokine levels in RSV and influenza.
 
 
They found that hMPV infection produces a low level of innate and adaptive cytokine response, although with a greater bias toward a Th2 response than the comparator viruses.3,4

Multiple animal models have been used to study the pathophysiology of hMPV. Chimpanzees have been the only animal to demonstrate symptomatology consistent with human disease.5 However, respiratory tract viral replication of hMPV has been demonstrated in cynomolgus macaques, cotton rats, and BALB/c mice, in addition to other small rodents.6,7,8,9

Studies of cytokine response in BALB/c mice have shown findings that are consistent with those of the human studies cited above, showing a weak innate cytokine response that corresponds with lower levels of pulmonary inflammation than with RSV infection.10

Studies on viral time course in these models demonstrates a peak of viral load at 4-5 days after infection. While most models show clearance of the virus by postinfection day 10-14, viable hMPV virus has been recovered in BALB/c mice up to 2 months following infection. The significance of this viral persistence in relation to human disease is unknown.9,11

 
 
Two recent studies have examined the significance of hMPV viral load, as assessed by real-time PCR, on illness parameters. One study showed that increased viral loads correlated with lower respiratory tract illness and hospitalization.12
 
 
 
The second found that an increasing viral load was associated with increased fever,
 
increased bronchodilator use, and increased length of hospitalizations, independent of age and underlying chronic illness. This study also evaluated viral loads in RSV illness and did not find this same correlation with disease severity, again suggesting a different pathology mechanism between these two related viruses.13

Frequency

United States

Epidemiology

hMPV is considered ubiquitous worldwide. This belief is based on the widespread detection of infection and the high prevalence of antibodies against the virus in all age groups. In their initial 2001 report, van den Hoogen et al demonstrated 100% seropositivity by age 10 years in 28 young children in the Netherlands. Similar studies worldwide have confirmed this high rate of seroprevalence in early childhood.1,14,15

The largest study of hMPV epidemiology is an examination of nasal washes collected prospectively during acute respiratory illnesses in an outpatient cohort of children over a 20-year period. Consistent with other studies, hMPV was detected throughout the year, with a peak incidence from late winter to early spring, later than the seasonal peak of RSV and influenza during the entire period studied. Over the entire 20-year period, hMPV was detected in 1%-5% of pediatric upper respiratory infections, with variation from year to year.16 A similar study by the same group found a 12% incidence of hMPV in lower respiratory tract infections. Additionally, this study isolated hMPV from only 1% of asymptomatic children, further establishing disease causality.17

These studies and many others indicate that hMPV is the second most commonly identified cause of pediatric lower respiratory illness, behind only RSV.

 
 
While there are geographical differences in seasonality and incidence of hMPV infection, this virus undoubtedly plays a significant role in respiratory illnesses in the pediatric population.

Little research has been done to determine the incidence of hMPV in adult populations,

 
 although hMPV infection has been well established in high-risk adult populations, including those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), elderly patients, and immunocompromised patients.18,19,20

hMPV has been documented as a significant cause of illness in transplant recipients. Studies have linked hMPV with idiopathic pneumonia, fulminant respiratory failure, and high mortality rates in stem cell transplant recipients.21,22 Additionally, in one study, hMPV was found in 10% of lung transplant recipients with acute respiratory tract infections, similar to the rate of RSV detection.23 Thus, transplant patients appear to be at significant risk for severe hMPV illness.

International

In temperate climates, the seasonality of hMPV infection mimics that in the United States, with most infections occurring in the winter and spring. Peak viral activity in tropical regions occurs during the spring and summer months, as demonstrated in studies from Hong Kong.24

Mortality/Morbidity

  • hMPV is the second-leading identifiable cause of lower respiratory tract disease in children and is known to cause disease in all age groups. hMPV infection likely accounts for up to 10% of hospitalizations for pediatric respiratory illnesses.
  • Risk factors for severe hMPV disease appear to be similar to those for severe RSV disease and include prematurity, heart disease, pulmonary disease, immunocompromise, and organ or stem cell transplantation.21,22,25,26
  • Little is known about the sequelae of hMPV illness. However, a small study of premature infants infected with hMPV did show increased airway resistance at follow-up.27

Sex

hMPV infection has no reported sexual predilection, with attack rates similar in males and females.

Age

Initial hMPV infection occurs early in childhood, with most individuals seroconverting by age 5 years. The seropositivity rate approaches 100% by age 10 years in multiple populations studied.1,14,15 However, reinfection is possible, and hMPV disease has been documented in adult patients.18

Clinical

History

Infection with human metapneumovirus (hMPV) causes a broad spectrum of respiratory illness, from mild symptoms to severe cough, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. The clinical symptoms are similar to those seen with RSV infection and may also include high fever, myalgia, rhinorrhea, dyspnea, tachypnea, and wheezing. Hospitalization, supplemental oxygen, and mechanical ventilation may be necessary in severe hMPV infections.1,28

While bronchiolitis, with or without pneumonia, is the most common presentation of hMPV illness, other reported syndromes have included asthma exacerbation, otitis media, pneumonitis, flulike illness, community-acquired pneumonia, and COPD exacerbation.18,19,20,25,29,30,31

More on Human Metapneumovirus

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Mary008 View Drop Down
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 18 2009 at 8:20pm
 
 
 
and a new type of Rhinovirus... is not thrilling...       (Reuters link by MarieF)
 
 

Potential New Cold Virus Mimics H1N1, Hospitalizing Children


Wednesday, November 18, 2009

This one was causing severe symptoms and even pneumonia.
 
 
 
 

 
............................................................................................................
 
 

Rhinovirus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search
Rhinovirus
Molecular surface of a rhinovirus, showing protein spikes
Virus classification
Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Order: Picornavirales
Family: Picornaviridae
Genus: Rhinovirus
Species

Human rhinovirus A
Human rhinovirus B
Human rhinovirus C

 
 
Rhinovirus
........................... 
 
 
(from the Greek rhin- which means "nose") was a genus of the Picornaviridae family of viruses. It has been now merged into Enteroviruses, a group of Picornaviridae that includes Poliovirus, Coxsackie A virus, and Hepatitis A.
.................
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 20 2009 at 5:54pm
.
 
 
 
 
Please note...   71% of the ...  "Influenza Like Illness"  on the CDC Graph...
 
 
Was  NOT  Influenza     (Orthomyxoviradae)    (week 41  )
...................................      
 

First... I commend everyone for their   amazing curiosity   don't ever lose it.
 
 
next-
 
Please...     Stop asking for        ........Mutations....
 
 
(some)    get a grip :)
 

The Nature of the Beast is to continually change.  It is constantly mutating.

 
(we don't want them to laugh at us)    ( Our viral Education is constantly mutating )

have a peek...

 
Sequence Summary 
Strain Summary - Current as of the NCBI download file of Nov 11 2009
 
Below is a list of 1626 strains and their corresponding segments of the emerging North American Influenza A/H1N1 virus strains isolated during the current 2009 human outbreak. The sequences are obtained from GenBank and are updated daily in Influenza Research Database. You can download nucleotide/protein sequences for all available 2009 influenza H1N1 strains.
......................
 
 
It did take a while to test for the Ukraine... perhaps they needed to test for parainfuenza from blood samples.   see below...
 

Original interview in Russian by Anna Yashchenko published by Unian:
www.unian.net/rus/news/news-346721.html
...............

 
 
...Professor, you said earlier that the virus, from which many people have died  "is a mixture of types of parainfluenza and influenza A/H1N1. How do you cure this disease?
 
 
 
The question of how to treat this virus is not up to me. I am a pathologist. I just found out what it is and made an exact diagnosis. It is important to provide the correct treatment based on diagnosis.
 
.....................................................................................................................................

 
Parainfluenza Viruses
........................................

Belong to the family Paramyxoviridae
 

Subfamily Pneumovirinae
Pneumovirus
.......................
Human respiratory syncytial virus
.............................................................................   RSV..................

Metapneumovirus
....................................
Type member
Avian metapneumovirus
Viruses in the Genus
Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV)
Avian pneumovirus
Turkey rhinotracheitis virus
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV)
 
................................
 
(no Vaccine)
 
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major viral cause of pneumonia and wheezing in infants and children in both developed and developing countries (20, 49, 50).
 
Previous studies with the murine model suggest that an RSV-specific type 1 T-helper cell response and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are critical for the control of RSV infection (15).
 

Studies in humans have been limited by difficulties imposed by the classical techniques used to enumerate CTL responses. These limitations include the small blood sample volume that can be obtained safely from acutely infected young children and the low frequency of RSV-specific memory CTL response in adults who are not recently infected (24).
 
The use of epitope-specific CTL assays will contribute to vaccine development and provide a better understanding of immune-induced disease pathogenesis. In this study, peripheral blood samples from healthy South African adults were screened
..........................................................
RSV
..................
...............................

Pneumovirus Click on organism name to get more information.
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (strain 391-2)
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (strain Copenhagen)
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (strain RB94)
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ATCC51908
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain 127
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain 220-60
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain 220-69
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain 375
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain 4642
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain lelystad
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain snook
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain wbh
Human respiratory syncytial virus
Human respiratory syncytial virus A
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSB1734)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSB5857)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSB6190)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSB6256)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSB642)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSB6614)
Human respiratory syncytial virus A strain Long
Human respiratory syncytial virus A2
Human respiratory syncytial virus B
Human respiratory syncytial virus (subgroup B / strain 18537)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (subgroup B / strain 8/60)
Human Respiratory syncytial virus 9320
Human respiratory syncytial virus B1
Human respiratory syncytial virus S2
Human respiratory syncytial virus strain RSS-2
unclassified Human respiratory syncytial virus
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP112/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP120/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP121/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP122/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP13/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP140/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP16/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP171/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP183/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP191/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP199/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP212/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP41/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP45/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP56/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP58/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP67/Sweden/02-03)
Human respiratory syncytial virus (strain RSP94/Sweden/02-03)
Murine pneumonia virus
Pneumonia virus of mice 15
Pneumonia virus of mice J3666
unclassified Pneumovirus
Ovine respiratory syncytial virus
Ovine respiratory syncytial virus (strain WSU 83-1578)
Respiratory syncytial virus
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 22 2009 at 11:22pm
.
 
FLUBLOCK
........................
 
 
 
FluBlok,
 
a recombinant hemagglutinin influenza vaccine, is composed of
 
 
purified hemagglutinin protein produced using the BEVS technology.
 
 
FluBlok has been shown to be safe, effective, and efficacious in human clinical studies.
 
 
PMID: 18804387 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
 
 
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18804387?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubm
ed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_
RVDocSum
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Is This the Vaccine that was tossed out?
..................................................
 
 
FDA Panel rejects FluBlok, faster flu vaccine production - 75 days to vaccination from new flu virus
 
November 20, 4:40 PMLA Health Technology ExaminerVictoria Nicks
.
 
excerpt-
 

FDA rejection

The FDA panel agreed that the vaccine produced using this method was effective, but had safety concerns. A lack of extensive testing, and a test subject with facial swelling were reasons cited for the rejection.

article here-
 
 
 
 
....................
 
5-6 BILLION spent on ( Experimental ) Vaccine   :/
 
...........................................................................................
 
 
 
Posted: 27 July 2009 at 8:15pm
File:Hairy%20caterpillar%20%28Costa%20Rica%29.jpg
 
A member of the order Lepidoptera
 
lepidopteran cell lines
 
baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells
 
 
 
 
New Vaccine Technology/ Manufactured More Quicly Than Conventional
.........................................................................................................................
 
 
 
It's Safe, According to the Folks Who Manufacture It.
.........................................................................................
 
 
 
Development of a novel recombinant influenza vaccine in insect cells.McPherson CE.
 
Protein Sciences Corporation, 1000 Research Parkway, Meriden, CT 06540, USA.
 
cmcpherson@proteinsciences.com
 
 
Influenza is a highly contagious viral respiratory illness which is best prevented through vaccination. Currently, all US licensed influenza vaccines are produced in embryonated chicken eggs.
 
The Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS) technology offers several advantages over existing technology, including an exact match between the circulating virus and the antigen in the vaccine, speed, safety, versatility, and reliable scale-up.
The expresSF+ insect cells are grown in the absence of serum
 
and have been extensively qualified for safety according to ICH and US FDA guidance
 
and for suitability for the production of recombinant proteins using BEVS.
 
 
FluBlok, a recombinant hemagglutinin influenza vaccine, is composed of purified
 
hemagglutinin protein produced using the BEVS technology.
 
 
FluBlok has been shown to be safe, effective, and efficacious in human clinical studies.
 
 
PMID: 18804387 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
 
 
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18804387?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubm
ed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_
RVDocSum
 
 
............................
 
 
 
 
 
There have been numerous reviews on the development of baculoviruses to control insects, e.g (3-5), and despite this widespread interest and intrinsic attractiveness of their use, the acceptance and use of viruses for insect control has been limited. This can be attributed to their slow speed of kill, their limited host range such that one preparation can only be used on a few insects, and to a certain degree to the complexity of producing standardized viral preparations.
 
The slow speed of kill may be of particular advantage to the virus, because it results in greatly increased viral yields. However, delays in the death of the host result in more vegetation being consumed by the infected insect. A variety of recombinant viruses have been investigated that have been designed to enhance the efficacy of the virus by reducing the time it takes to kill target insects or causing cessation of feeding. These recombinants express insect specific toxin, insect hormones or enzymes, or are deleted for the EGT gene.
 
Contributing factors to their limited use for biocontrol is that production of viral insecticides is labor intensive and consequently their use has been limited to high value crops particularly those that have become resistant to chemical
 
 
 
File:Baculovirus.jpg
Baculovirus
 
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 25 2009 at 9:15am
.
 
 
Knowledge is power
.....................................
 
 
 
What Are They Talking About?
......................................................
 
 
 
Definition of Antigenic drift
...............................................
 
 
A natural mutation of strains over time...
 
 
 
 
Antigenic drift:
...........................
 
A mechanism for variation by viruses
 
that involves the accumulation of mutations
within the antibody-binding sites
 
so that the resulting viruses cannot be inhibited well by antibodies

against previous strains making it easier for them to spread

throughout a partially immune population.

Antigenic drift occurs in both influenza A and influenza B viruses.

 
wikipedia
 
 
 
Antigenic Drift
............................
 
 
is the continuous process of genetic and antigenic change
 
among flu strains.
.....................................................................................................................................

 
Antigenic shift is a specific case of    reassortment
 
 
or viral shift ...
 
 
Antigenic Shift
............................
 
 
is the process by which
 
 
 
at least two different strains
 
 
of a virus (or different viruses), especially influenza,
 
combine to form a new subtype
 
having a mixture of the surface antigens of the two original strains.
 
Antigenic shift is a specific case of
 
reassortment or viral shift

 
wikipedia
 
 
 
 
Mary008
 
 
 
 
 
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Healwayshasaplan Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 25 2009 at 10:01pm
Mary 008, Thank you for your work hear Thumbs%20Up. Not sure if we had H1N1, but kids and I came down with a nasty that went immediately to our lower resporitory tract.. Baby had broncolitis on the onset.. we got through it,  started nebulizer treatments day 1 of wheezing with steriods and albuteral, eat acicidic foods ( baby eats .5ml vinegar in applesauce! :)), D3, iodine rich foods, c, gaterade, etc..Doing okay. We need your posts... :) I appreciate the time you put in to all your posts! Thank you! Hope you and your family have a wonderful holiday! Good luck and God bless. Tis the season to be jolly! We all have so much to be grateful for, let us not forget. :) :)
stayinpositive
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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: November 28 2009 at 7:38pm
.
 
 
 
 
Noting for Canada Week 46
................................................

The proportion of severe cases (ICU admissions and deaths) among all hospitalized

cases was lower in the second wave than in the first wave.
 
 
 
 
USA CDC Behind... No info for week 46
....................................................................
 

Week 45
................
 

122 US Surveillance Cities (pop. over 100,000 ) show most of the deaths were

people over the age of 45.   For entire flu season nearly 2/3 of deaths

were in people over age 65.
..........................................................................................................
 
 
 
I imagine they did not see the need for mass vacination, as the vaccine was rolled out too late.  

 
 
Swine-Flu-Presidential-Preparations-Report
...........................................................................
 
 
As Far As Changes in H1N1v
.................................................
 
 
This has been ...is being    watched -

 
H1N1v changes in illness severity, is it's antigenic character changing?

Thus compromising immunity aquired from natural infection or a vaccine or

antiviral/drug resistance of the circulating strains.

 
 
But ...the Current system can not measure the burden of mild illness

that doesn't come to Medical Attention... (or the Medical Attention says

you don't have pig flu... when you know darn well you do, as you have not been

sick as a dog in spring/summer like this for about 10 years.)
 
sources-
 
 
 
 
 
 
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.
 
good read...and video
.......................................
 
 
 
 
............
 
 
 
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.
 
 
Some people want Flu Vaccine...
 
 
They should be able to find it.
 
 
ASK  Your Doctor...  Is this a Multi Dose vial?  (contain mercury)
 
Is The Vaccine adjuvanted?
 
 
If you are pregnant You may NOT use FLUMIST by MEDIMMUNE.
 
 
here is a site... insert your area ...
 
 
Google flu vaccine finder
 
 
 
 
............
 
 
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.
 
 
 
 
Package Inserts
............................
 

We have received some reports that not all shipments of H1N1 vaccine contain package
 
inserts. You can download all the H1N1 vaccine package inserts from the URLs below.
 
182242.pdf
 
 
 
CSL Limited Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine Prescribing Information

 
Novartis Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine Prescribing Information

 
Sanofi Pasteur Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine Prescribing Information
 

 
MedImmune Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine Live, Intranasal Prescribing Information
 
 
 
................
 
 
 
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Seasonal Flu
.........................
...................................
.............................................
 
 

Now don't be silly...

This Vaccine won't give you the FLU  ... you may only FEEL like you have the FLU.


Note these interesting File and Testing Dates...   several years apart.


Also Note...  this stuff injected must be pretty powerful to show all these signs of

illness in the 1st >>  3 days
......................................................

 


More to Note...  we are talking, about 305 people tested.

and 91 people had a headache, 64 had muscle pain, 56 had fatigue, 23 sore throat,

22 chills, 21 nausea, 20 had arthritic pain, 17 sweating, 18 cough,

11 people., wheezing, chest tightness and trouble breathing. 

File Dated
...................
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Limited BLA 1750
September 2009

 

 

Novartis
................


 Vaccine FLUVIRIN
......................................


2005-2006  US Trial
......................................

http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM182242.pdf

.................
 
 
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  Pandemic flu is declining in North America, says WHO
......................................................................................................

Posted: 05 December 2009 0104 hrs
 
GENEVA - The World Health Organisation confirmed on Friday that H1N1 flu has peaked in

North America and was declining, in its latest weekly data on the pandemic.


Article here
http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world/view/1022636/1/.html

 

 


Glaxo's swine flu shot may give kids fever
.............................................................................

 

(AP) - 7 hours ago

LONDON- The European Medicines Agency warns that young children given

GlaxoSmithKline's swine flu shot may get a fever after their second dose.

In a statement issued Friday, the European drug regulator said data from GlaxoSmithKline

PLC showed a higher number of children aged six months to 3 years had a fever after their
 
second dose of the Pandemrix vaccine, ...


Article here-
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hRBLVCkhINztTgvTbf82bta-jruQD9CCGJJ00

 

 

CA schools get 23 million masks to curb swine flu
...........................................................................


(AP) -1 hour ago

SANTA FE SPRINGS, Calif. — California schools will be getting millions of masks and gloves

to block the spread of swine flu.


article here-
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gVVnasiEtaUpkNTbXCjMf-8PDUQQD9CCLNHO0

 
 
 
Mary008
 
 
 
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.
 
 

So far seeing very few ill pets.

We had the Flu for over 2 weeks during New York's severe Flu wave.
We also have a habit of washing our hands prior to feeding our pets
and using clean bowls each day.  No Pet Flu here...
 
 

Pets at risk from H1N1 pandemic
Posted: Nov 5, 2009 09:44 PM EST
 
ALBANY, N.Y. -- As the swine flu continues to spread, we're learning even your pets are at
 
risk from the pandemic. This after a household cat tested positive for the virus.
 
 
 
 
EU  Get On Board...
 

We Want Universal Flu Vaccine >>> Say  NO  to Chasing Flu Strains  $$$$$
...............................................................................................................................

 Arepanrix,
GSK's    adjuvanted    H1N1 pandemic vaccine
 
manufactured in Canada.
 
This is the first prequalification for an H1N1 pandemic vaccine, and is a key step in ensuring
 
the vaccine can be distributed to developing countries. The WHO prequalification project is
 
a service provided by the WHO to facilitate access to medicines that meet unified
 
standards of quality and safety.
 
 
................
 
 
Mary008
 
 
 
 
 
 
2008-2009 Season %20Region%20Chart%20of%20Influenza%20Positive%20Tests%20Reported%20to%20CDC%20by%20U.S.%20WHO/NREVSS%20Collaborating%20Laboratories
 
 
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INFLUENZA%20Virus%20Isolated
 
 HOW LOW CAN IT GO?   PRETTY LOW...      Star
 
 
 
 
 
We are not all dropping from SARS or H5N1 or EBOLA  
 
Big Killers are not so highly transmissable.
 
Does Concern Over This  D225G Change,  Have Merit?
 
some interesting thoughts...
...........................................................................................................................................
 
 
 
 
The D225G change in 2009 H1N1 influenza virus is not a concern
...............................................................................................
 
 
by Vincent Racaniello
 
on 24 November 2009
 
 
 
 
"... D225G amino acid change has a negative impact on transmission. ..."
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
When will the H1N1 Pandemic Strain Become Seasonal?
 
 
 
 
 
Whither 2009 H1N1?
................................
 

by Vincent Racaniello
 
on 4 December 2009

excerpt-

 
...If the pattern of H3N2 serves as a guide, we might predict that the 2009 swine-origin
 
H1N1 virus will display pandemic spread for at least one more season.
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
Emergence of Oseltamivir-Resistant Pandemic H1N1 Virus during Prophylaxis.
..................................................................................................................
The New England journal of medicine
 
 
 
These observations support the need for limiting the indications for postexposure prophylaxis. It also seems reasonable to rapidly convert prophylactic (once daily) regimens to therapeutic (twice daily) regimens as soon as influenza-like symptoms develop in a patient receiving prophylactic treatment.
 
 
 
Monitoring for the H275Y mutation during outbreaks of 2009 H1N1 virus is important in order to rapidly identify transmission events that could lead to large-scale dissemination of an oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 virus, similar to what occurred with recent H1N1 virus seasonal strains.
 
 
 
 
Baz M, Abed Y, Papenburg J, Bouhy X, Hamelin ME, & Boivin G (2009). Emergence of Oseltamivir-Resistant Pandemic H1N1 Virus during Prophylaxis. The New England journal of medicine PMID: 19907034
 
 
 
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.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Thoughts on Influenza Vaccines-   Good reasons not to want them every year.
 
 
 
 given the vaccine ... which makes ...   antibodies ... which in turn....   Attack.
.................................................................................................................................
 

Anti - Ganglioside Antibody Induction by Swine (A/NJ/1976/H1N1) and

Other Influenza Vaccines:       Insights

into Vaccine - Associated   Guillain - Barre Syndrome
..........................................................................................
 
 
Irving Nachamkin, Sean V. Shadomy, Anthony P. Moran, Nancy Cox, Collette Fitzgerald, Huong Ung, Adrian T. Corcoran, John K. Iskander, Lawrence B. Schonberger, and Robert T. Chen

Irving Nachamkin, a professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, examined some 1976 vaccine that had been saved by a scientist in Texas.
In a paper published last year in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, he and colleagues reported that

mice given the vaccine

made antibodies

that reacted with gangliosides, which are components of nerve cells.

An antibody attack on gangliosides

is part of the disease mechanism of

Guillain-Barre.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Say No to Strain Chasing...    Universal Influenza Vaccine
..............................................................................................
 
 
...........
 
 
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.
 
 
Thinking back...     Should we at least give our Govt. credit for quickly finding... something ...
 
to try to protect people from a Pandemic  Virus?   (although they claimed it was 'mild' very
 
early on.)
 
 
 

We knew there would not be a lot of egg based vaccine available in time for a
Pandemic...   
 
 
Before they knew what they were dealing with? (mild 'Pandemic' )  The thought was to

protect as many as possible with a "mock-up" Flu vaccine.   Because people were not

keeling over in the streets .... no one wanted anything ...   New or "mocked-up."
 

Dr Marie Paule Kieny,  Director of IVR  at W.H.O.  which facilitates  world - wide

access to vaccines against infectious diseases  especially in developing countries.

A very nice French woman with a thick accent and less than perfect command of

English...     was chosen to speak     on  H1N1 2009 Pandemic Vaccine.
 

( US Govt. bought Billions worth of  H1N12009 Vac. when they were ... more worried ...)
 
 
 
 
"... the formulation that is proposed by the industry ( for H1N1 2009 ) is different from

that of the seasonal vaccines, ..."
 

( H1N1 2009 ) ... is based on the formulation, which has been discovered if you wish,
or developed, for H5N1 pending future or potential future pandemic vaccines, for
those manufacturers who have what is called a "mock-up registration" so this is a
registration of a prototype pandemic vaccines,
 
(The vaccine.. with only animal testing... ) "... could be approved without clinical trials.

"...This is something that has been put into place at a time when we were more

worried by H5N1 than by the current pandemic...."
 
 
...............................
 
 
like using an elephant gun to hit a fly?      especially in terms of Billions $$$$ of Dollars.
 
 
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.
 
 
Influenza..  Is Not a Weapon of Mass Destruction
..................................................................................
 
 
Thoughts on H5N1 ...
 
 
 

Due to fewer childhood diseases and modern plumbing/sewage treatment,
better nutrition (school breakfast/lunch/vit D was added to milk)  antivirals
and knowledge of no aspirin use under age 18, no troop trains/ fox holes...etc.
It may be unlikely that we will see an Influenza pandemic as deadly as 1918 any time
 
soon.

Seems like new varients of Human Influenza hit school age children the hardest.
 

625 people showed up at hospital
...........................................................
 
with suspected H5N1 In Eastern Turkey in 2006
...................................................................................

 
 
Various family members who came in contact with ill/dead chickens did not become
 
ill ...school age children were among the very ill or died.  
 
 
 4 of the 8 children ( 5 to 14 yrs old )  who were hospitalized with H5N1, died.
 
.........................
 

An important observation in this case series is
that the results of initial diagnostic testing for
H5N1, including real-time PCR assays of nasopharyngeal
swabs, were negative in many of the patients
.
As in the cases reported by Kandun and
colleagues, the rapid influenza antigen test did
not detect H5N1 infection in our patients.
 
...The clinical manifestations of H5N1 virus infection
in humans range from   asymptomatic  ( no symptoms ) infection
or a mild upper respiratory tract illness,
to severe pneumonia and multiorgan failure.1,9
...

 
Sounds rather familiar...   different in everyone...  'culling the weakest',  most live...
 
 

... nasopharyngeal swabs, were negative in many of the patients.
 
... virus infection in humans range from   asymptomatic  ( no symptoms ) infection
 
or a mild upper respiratory tract illness, to severe pneumonia and
 
multiorgan failure.1,9
 
 
 
.....................
 
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.
 
 
More Flu Thoughts...
 
 
 
H1 thru H15
N1 thru N9
.................................................
 
fifteen antigenically distinct HA subtypes
 
and nine NA subtypes
 
are recognised at present;

a virus possesses one HA and one NA subtype, apparently in any combination.
Although viruses of relatively few subtype combinations have been isolated from
mammalian species, all subtypes, in most combinations,

have been isolated from birds.
.....................................................
 
 
In the 20th & 21st  Centuries, the sudden emergence of antigenically different strains
 
in humans, termed antigenic shift, has occurred on 5 occasions,

1918 (H1N1),      Destructive
1957 (H2N2),      Moderate
1968 (H3N2)       More Moderate
1977 (H1N1),      Mild
(2008  (H1N1v)   Mild)
..........................................................
 
Human pandemic strains are thought to have emerged through one of the following three mechanisms:
 
 
1)
genetic reassortment (occurring as a result of the segmented genome of the virus)
of avian and human influenza A viruses infecting the same host
 
 
2)
direct transfer of whole virus from another species
 
 
3)
the re-emergence of a virus which may have caused an epidemic many years earlier.

    (   :/  yes we know )

 
Since 1996, the viruses H7N7, H5N1 and H9N2 have been transmitted from birds to
 
humans but have apparently failed to spread in the human population.

 
 
( not real worried... these are not mild enough, to spread far and wide- H7N7, H5N1
and H9N2 )
 
 
Source-
eItemSupl.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=5&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubm
ed
 
 
 
 
..........................
 
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.
 
 
 

as for a yrly Flu Vaccine...
 

I don't Want To Be Your Yearly Customer
..................................................................
................................................................................
........................................................................................
 
 
Does this give us a clue?
excerpt-
 
 
...First, it is important to note that, unlike many other infectious diseases that can be
 
controlled` by vaccines, influenza presents a fast-moving target.
 
Flu is a small, single stranded, negativesense RNA virus1 that quickly changes.
 
This includes the HA and NA genes (sequences) used in current vaccines.
 
 
 
For vaccine makers, this necessitates changes - typically annual - in
 
seasonal influenza vaccines, meaning customers must submit to frequent
 
revaccination to maintain their immunity
 
.......................................................................................
 
 
comment-
 
To maintain their immunity?   The product Insert gives no such assurance.
 
In fact a manufacturer is fairly clear, some more than others... on what the vaccine will
not do.
 
 
 
such as-

 CSL Package Insert Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine
.................................................................................................................
 
 
There have been no controlled clinical studies demonstrating a decrease in influenza
 
disease after vaccination with AFLURIA. (14)

............................................................................................................................
 
 
 
 
cont....
 
 
The exact form of the next naturally emerging pandemic strain(s) remains unknown
 
and is not predictable with confidence.
 
Even though it is possible to generate examples of such strains in a laboratory, lab
 
strains are unlikely to be the same as those generated by nature.    
 
 
 
Those observations have implications for intellectual property claims.
 
Influenza HA and NAgenes are far less stable over time than, for example, essentially
 
static human gene sequences coding for susceptibility to a disease.

( like polio )

This may limit the value of a patent claim on a particular sequence, because that  
 
sequence's similarity (homology) to potentially pandemic strains in circulation is likely
 
to diminish fairly quickly over time.
 
 
 
The changeable nature of influenza has led at least one major company (Merck) to
 
seek new influenza vaccines that do not rely on particular HA or NA sequences.
 
.....................................
 
 
comment-
 
Hopefully we can look to them for something that will work on disabling the
 
mechanics of the virus for a universal Influenza vaccine.

A thank you for this interesting info to-
 
 
 
TWN
 
Third World Network

While we may not agree with everything they believe... it is a good idea to know what
 
all the people in the world are thinking/concerned about, the world is getting smaller.
 
 
 
 
................
 
 
 
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.
 
Did A Mild Pandemic Get Out Of Control?
....................................................................
 
Financially?
 
 
 
 
 
 
The mass vaccination order has come from the World Health Organization (WHO)
[8]. In early July 2009, a group of vaccination experts concluded that the
pandemic is unstoppable, and Marie-Paul Kieny, WHO director on vaccine research
said all nations will need access to vaccines, and that a vaccine should be available
as early as September.
 
Critics point out that the 'vaccination experts' are dominated by the vaccine makers
standing to gain from the enormously lucrative vaccine and antiviral contracts
awarded by governments. But the decisive argument against mass vaccinations is
that flu shots simply don’t work and are dangerous [9].
 
 
 
 
.................
 
 

ISIS Report 27/07/09

Fast-tracked Swine Flu Vaccine under

Fire

The vaccines far more deadly than the swine flu; mass vaccinations a recipe for

disaster Dr. Mae-Wan Ho and Prof. Joe Cummins

This report has been submitted to Sir Liam Donaldson, Chief Medical Officer of the

UK, and to the US Food and Drugs Administration

Please circulate widely, with all the hyperlinks included, to your elected

representatives, wherever you are

A swine flu outbreak occurred in Mexico and the United States in April 2009 and

spread rapidly around the world by human-to human transmission. The new type A

H1N1 influenza virus is unlike any that had been previously isolated [1, 2], judging

from the first data released in May. It is a messy combination of sequences from

bird, human and swine flu virus lineages from North America and Eurasia. A senior

virologist based in Canberra, Australia, told the press he thought that the virus

could have been created in the laboratory and released by accident [3]. Some even

suggest it was made intentionally as a bioweapon [4], while others blame the

intensive livestock industry and extensive trafficking of love animals over long

distances, which provide plenty of opportunity for generating exotic recombinants

[5]. But what worries the public most is the mass vaccination programmes

governments are putting in place to combat the emerging pandemic, which could

well be worse than the pandemic itself.

Watchdog opposes fast-track vaccine for school children

The US government is intending to vaccinate all children in September when school

re-opens, and the countrys’s vaccine watchdog National Vaccine Information Center

(NVIC) has called on the Obama Administration and all state Governors to provide

evidence that the move is [6] "necessary and safe", demanding "strong

mechanisms for vaccine safety screening, recording, monitoring, reporting and

vaccine injury compensation."

The US Departments of Health and Homeland Security had declared a national

public health emergency in April soon after the swine flu outbreak. As a result,

some schools were closed, people quarantined, and drug companies were given

contracts worth $7billon to make vaccines that are being fast tracked by the Food

and Drugs Administration [7]. That means they will only be tested for a few weeks

on several hundred children and adult volunteers before being given to all school

children this fall.

Furthermore, under federal legislation passed by Congress since 2001, an

Emergency Use Authorization allows drug companies, health officials and anyone

administering experimental vaccines to Americans during a declared public health

emergency to be protected from liability if people get injured. US Secretary of

Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius has granted vaccine makers total

legal immunity from any lawsuits that may result from any new swine flu vaccine.

And some states may make the vaccination mandatory by law.

The NVIC is asking whether the states are prepared to obey vaccine safety

provisions in the 1986 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, which include: 1.

Giving parents written information about vaccine benefits and risks before children

are vaccinated; 2. Keeping a record of which vaccines the children get, including

the manufacturer’s name and lot number; 3. Recording which vaccines were given

in the child’s medical record; and 4. Recording serious health problems that develop

after vaccination in the child’s medical record and immediately making a report to

the federal Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.

NVIC also wants to know if the states are prepared to provide financial

compensation to children injured by the swine flu vaccines, whether parents will be

given “complete, truthful information about swine flu vaccine risks”, and have the

right to say “no” to vaccination.

Co-founder and president of NVIC Barbara Loe Fisher said [6]: “Parents and

legislators should be asking themselves right now: Why are children the first to get

experimental swine flu vaccines? Are schools equipped to get signed informed

consent from parents before vaccination, keep accurate vaccination records and

screen out children biologically at high risk for suffering vaccine reactions? Will

people giving these vaccines know how to monitor children afterwards and

immediately record, report and treat serious health problems that develop? And will

states have the financial resources to compensate children who are injured?”

WHO and mass vaccination fever

The mass vaccination order has come from the World Health Organization (WHO)

[8]. In early July 2009, a group of vaccination experts concluded that the

pandemic is unstoppable, and Marie-Paul Kieny, WHO director on vaccine research

said all nations will need access to vaccines, and that a vaccine should be available

as early as September.

Critics point out that the ‘vaccination experts’ are dominated by the vaccine makers

standing to gain from the enormously lucrative vaccine and antiviral contracts

awarded by governments. But the decisive argument against mass vaccinations is

that flu shots simply don’t work and are dangerous [9].

Flu shots ineffective and increase risks of asthma

There are widely acknowledged reasons why flu vaccines won’t work, as already

pointed out with regard to the much touted vaccines against the ‘pandemic bird flu’

that has yet to materialize [10] (How to Stop Bird Flu Instead, SiS 35). The flu

virus changes quickly - even without the help of genetic engineering in the

laboratory, and especially with the help of the intensive livestock industry -

whereas the vaccines target specific strains. Furthermore, flu vaccination does not

give permanent protection, and must be repeated annually; the vaccines are

difficult to mass-produce, and some strains won’t grow at all under laboratory

conditions.

Numerous studies have documented that flu shots give little or no protection

against infection and illness, and there is no reason to believe that swine flu

vaccines will be different.

A review of 51 separate studies involving more than 294 000 children found that in

children aged from two years, nasal spray vaccines made from weakened influenza

viruses and injected vaccines made from the killed virus prevented 82 and 59

percent of illnesses. The prevention of 'flu-like illness' caused by other types of

viruses was only 33 and 36 percent respectively. In children under the age of two,

the efficacy of inactivated vaccine was similar to placebo. It was not possible to

analyse the safety of vaccines from the studies due to the lack of information, and

lack of standardization on the little information available [11]. A report published in

2008 found flu vaccines in young children made no difference in the number of flurelated

doctor and hospital visits [12].

On the other hand, a study of 800 children with asthma found that those receiving

a flu vaccine had a significantly increased risk of asthma-related doctor and

emergency room visits [13]; the odds ratios were 3.4 and 1.9 respectively. This

was confirmed in a report published in 2009, which showed children with asthma

who received FluMist had a 3-fold increased risk of hospitalization [14]

Flu vaccines are equally useless for adults, including the elderly, giving little or no

protection against infection or illnesses including pneumonia (see [9]).

Toxic adjuvants in flu vaccines

Vaccines themselves can be dangerous, especially live, attenuated viral vaccines or

the new recombinant nucleic acid vaccines [10], they have the potential to

generate virulent viruses by recombination and the recombinant nucleic acids could

cause autoimmune diseases.

A further major source of toxicity in the case of the flu vaccines are the adjuvants,

substances added in order to boost the immunogenicity of the vaccines. There is a

large literature on the toxicities of adjuvants. Most flu vaccines contain dangerous

levels of mercury in the form of thimerosal, a deadly preservative 50 times more

toxic than mercury itself [9]. At high enough doses, it can cause long-term

immune, sensory, neurological, motor, and behavioural dysfunctions. Also

associated with mercury poisoning are autism, attention deficit disorder, multiple

sclerosis, and speech and language deficiencies. The Institute of Medicine has

warned that infants, children, and pregnant women should not be injected with

thimerosal, yet the majority of flu shots contain 25 micrograms of it.

Another common adjuvant is alum or aluminium hydroxide, which can cause

vaccine allergy, anaphylaxis, and macrophage myofascitis, a chronic inflammation

syndrome, In cats, alum also gives rise to fibrosarcomas at the site of injection

[15]. Numerous new adjuvants are no better, and could be worse. According to a

recent review in a science and business pharmaceutical publication [15], most

newer adjuvants including MF59, ISCOMS, QS21, AS02, and AS04 have

“substantially higher local reactogenicity and systemic toxicity than alum.”

Current status of swine flu vaccines

Five different companies have been contracted to produce vaccines worldwide:

Baxter International, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis and Sanofi-Aventis and

AstroZeneca [16]. Already stretched beyond capacity, there is every intention to

make smaller vaccine doses go further with a range of new adjuvants [17], with the

blessing of the WHO (see later).

Flu vaccines are traditionally produced from non-virulent (attenuated or weakened)

influenza viruses (see Box for a description of the viruses). To be effective, the

genes of the non- virulent virus used must match those of the viral strain spreading

in the population. Activation of the immune system by exposure to the non

pathogenic form of the circulating pathogenic strain leads to the production of

antibodies that will confer protection against the pathogenic strain. Producing the

non-virulent virus involves first identifying and then recreating the subtypes of two

of the virus’s surface proteins, haemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), which

determine the strain’s virulence and ability to spread, and are also the target

proteins for vaccine production.

Influenza viruses

There are 3 types of influenza viruses, A, B and C. The influenza A type virus is the

main one that cause diseases in birds and mammals. Its genome consists of 8

segments of RNA coding for 11 proteins, and the viruses are further classified by

subtype on the basis of the two main surface glycoproteins (proteins with complex

carbohydrate side chains): haemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) [18]. The

segmented genome enables the virus to’ reassort’ (shuffle) segments as well as

recombine within segments, thereby greatly increasing the rate of evolution and

generation of new strains. Reassortment is also widely exploited in the laboratory in

the process of creating vaccine strains. To-date, 16 H and 9 N subtypes have been

detected in numerous combinations circulating in wild birds [19].

Seed viruses are first made to provide the starting material for large scale

production of live non-virulent flu viruses. The seed viruses are approved by the

WHO or the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA). The usual

method of seed virus production is reassortment (see Box). Fertilized chicken eggs

are injected with both a standard non-pathogenic influenza strain known to grow

well in eggs and the strain that carries the genes expressing the desired vaccine H

and N protein subtypes. The two viruses multiply, and their eight genome segments

reassort with 256 possible combinations. The resulting recombinant viruses are

then screened for the desired virus with the six genome segments that allow the

standard strain to grow so well in eggs and the H and N genes from the circulating

strain. The seed virus is then injected into millions of eggs for mass production of

vaccine. This conventional method of seed stock production takes about one to two

months to complete [20].

Cell culture systems may eventually replace chicken eggs. Baxter International

applied for a patent on a process using cell culture to produce quantities of infecting

virus, which are harvested, inactivated with formaldehyde and ultraviolet light, and

then detergent [21]. Baxter has produced H5N1 whole virus vaccines in a Vero cell

line derived from the kidney of an African green monkey, and conducted phase 1

and 2 clinical trials with and without aluminium hydroxide as adjuvant [22, 23]. The

main finding was that the toxic adjuvant did not increase neutralising antibodies

against the vaccine strain. Baxter has agreed to ship H1N1 vaccine by the end of

July or early August 2009 but details of the production of that vaccine have not yet

been released to the public [16].

In December, a Baxter facility in Austria sent a human flu vaccine contaminated

with the deadly H5N1 live avian flu virus to 18 countries, including the Czech

Republic, where testing showed it killed the ferrets inoculated [24]. Czech

newspapers questioned whether Baxter was involved in a deliberate attempt to

start a pandemic.

Norvatis, another big pharma, announced on 13 June that it, too, has produced a

swine flu vaccine using cell-based technology and the proprietary adjuvant MF59R.

The MF59R adjuvant is oil based and contains Tween80, Span85, and squalene

[25]. In studies of oil-based adjuvants in rats, the animals were rendered crippled

and paralyzed. Squalene brought on severe arthritis symptoms in rats, and studies

in humans given from 10 to 20 ppb (parts per billion) of squalene showed severe

immune system impact and development of autoimmune disorders [26].

Novartis was in the news in 2008 for a clinical trial of a H5N1 vaccine in Poland. The

trial was administered by local nurses and doctors who gave the vaccine to 350

homeless people, leaving 21 died; and were prosecuted by the Polish police [27,

28]. Novartis claimed the deaths were unrelated to the H5N1 vaccine [29], which

had been “tested on 3500 other people without any deaths.”

GlaxoSmithKline’s vaccine will be made up of antigens of the recently isolated

influenza strain, and also contains its own proprietary adjuvant system AS03 that

has been approved in the EU along with its H5N1 bird flu vaccine in 2008.

According to the European Public Assessment Report [30], AS03 adjuvant is

composed of squalene (10.68 milligrams), DL-α-tocopherol (11.86 milligrams) and

polysorbate 80 (4.85 milligrams). The H5N1 vaccine also contains 5 micrograms

thiomersal, as well as Polysorbate 80, Octoxynol 10, and various inorganic salts.

The company is aggressively promoting various adjuvant systems as its ‘adjuvant

advantage’ that reduces the dose of vaccines [31].

A recent WHO survey of primary vaccine producers concluded that the potential

output of 4.9 Billion doses of H1N1 vaccine per year is a best-case scenario,

assuming among other factors that the most dose-sparing formulation (that will

include toxic adjuvants) be selected by each manufacturer and that production will

take place at full capacity. WHO Director-General, Dr .Margaret Chan, and the

United Nations Secretary-General, Mr Ban Ki-moon, met with senior officials of

vaccine manufacturers on 19 May and asked them to reserve part of their

production capacity for poor countries that would otherwise have no or little access

to vaccine in the case of a pandemic [32].

The last mass-vaccination in the US was a disaster. In 1976, cases of swine flu

were found in soldiers at Fort Dix, New Jersey, and one of them died, most likely of

physical overexertion rather than from the infection [7]. This led to the launch of a

mass vaccination of 40 million against a pandemic that never materialized.

Thousands filed claims for injury. At least 25 died and 500 developed paralyzing

Guillain-Barre syndrome [33, 34].

Swine flu syndromes mostly mild

As of 22 July 2009, the CDC listed a total of 40 617 cases in the US, with 319

fatalities, giving a fatalites/case ratio of 0.8 percent [35]; though the real death

rate – among all cases of infection including the mild ones that go unreported – is

probably much lower. Experts estimate that only 1 out of 20 cases are reported

[36].

The UK is the worst affected European country, and the pandemic is in the

headlines everyday in July. A new telephone helpline was set up on 23 July to let

people get advice and tamiflu without seeing a doctor. In that week, there has been

a record rise in cases to 100 000 and a total of 30 deaths so far [37], giving a

fatalities/case ratio of 0.03 percent, a more accurate reflection of the actual death

rate.

UK’s chief medical officer Sir Liam Donaldson has ordered the NHS to plan for as

many as 65 000 deaths, with 350 a day at the peak [38]. There has been no plan

as yet for mass vaccination; but the UK government has advance orders for 195

million doses of vaccine with GlaxoSmithKline (GSK).

The vaccine that GSK is developing will be tested on a limited number of people as

the UK drug company reportedly [39] “weighs the pandemic danger against the

risks of an unsafe shot.” This was criticized as “risky” by Prof. Hugh Pennington, a

retired microbiologist at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. “By limiting clinical

trials, Glaxo raises the danger that the vaccine dose isn’t properly calibrated, and

could lead to shots that don’t protect people from the virus or at worse are unsafe,”

Pennington said.

Pennington added that the shot’s ability to trigger the body’s defences is crucial and

requires tests to determine the best dose and whether an adjuvant is needed to

bolster the immunity. (As we know, GSK is definitely promoting its new range of

toxic adjuvants.) He also referred to the Fort Dix incident in 1976 (see earlier).

France has ordered vaccines from Sanofi, GSK and Novartis, but sees no reason to

ask vaccine makers to shorten or skip clinical trials [16]. Sanofi-Aventis, the French

drug maker developing its own swine flu vaccine will begin testing the product in

early August, and estimates it will need as much as two and a half months of tests

before having a shot that’s “both safe and protective”, according to Albert Garcia,

speaking for the company’s vaccine unit, “the vaccine will be ready in November or

December, he said.

Baxter, however, will produce a vaccine by early August for clinical tests.

Glaxo also said it is developing a face mask coated with antivirals to prevent

infection and boosting production of its Relenza drug for patients already suffering

from swine flu.

There are obviously safer and more effective ways to combat the pandemic than

mass vaccinations: washing hands often, sneezing into a tissue that can be safely

disposed of, avoiding unnecessary gatherings, and delay opening schools –all

advised by governments - and we would add, eating healthily, exercise, and getting

enough vitamin D to boost your natural immunity [10].

References

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April 2009, http://www.prisonplanet.com/is-swine-flu-a-biological-weapon.htm

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ml

6. “Swine flu vaccine should not be given to children in schools”, Barbara Loe

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Be-Given-to-Children.aspx

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ry.html

9. What are the dangers of mandatory swine flu vaccination? Dr. Mercola, June

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Dangers-of-Mandatory

Mandatory-Swine-Flu-Vaccination.aspx

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among children 6 to 59 months of age during 2 influenza seasons: a case-cohort

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13. Christy C, Aligne C, Auinger P, Pulcino T and Weitzman M. Effectiveness of

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269071

14. Flu vaccination may triple risk for flu-related hospitalization in children with

asthma, 25 May 2009, http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/703235

15. Petrovsky N, Heinzel S, Honda Y, Lyons AB. New-age vaccine adjuvants, friend

or foe? BioPharm International 2 August 2007,

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444996&sk=&date=&pageID=5

16. “Update: 1-Baxter can take no more H1N1 flu vaccine orders”, Bill Berkerto, 16

July 2009, Reuters.

http://www.reuters.com/article/marketsnews/idINN1644290820090716?rpc=33

17. H1N1 ‘swine flu’ vaccine, postnote, May 2009, number 331,

http://www.parliament.uk/documents/upload/postpn331.pdf

18. Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) CDC, 18 November 2005,

http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/flu-viruses.htm

19. Olsen B, Munster VJ, Wallensten A, Waldenstrom J, Osterhaus ADME and

Fouchier RAM. Global patterns of influenza A virus in wild birds. Science 2006, 312,

384-8.

20. Hood E. Environews Innovations 2006 Environmental Health Perpectives

114,A108-111.

21. Kistner,O,Tauer,C, Barrett,N. Mundt,W. Method for Producing Viral Vaccines

2009 Patent application US2009/0060950A1

22. Ehrlich HJ, Muller M, Oh HM, Tambyah PA, Joukhadar C, Montomoli E, Fisher D,

Berezuk G, Fritsch S, Low-Baselli A, Vartian N, Bobrovsky R, Pavlova BG, Pollabauer

EM, Kistner O, Barrett PN; Baxter H5N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine Clinical Study

Team. A clinical trial of a whole-virus H5N1 vaccine derived from cell culture. N Engl

J Med. 2008 Jun 12;358(24):2573-84.

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Ketel.W,Dekker,C,Mink,C,Campbell,J,Edwards,K,Patel,S,Ho,D,Talbot,H,Guo,K,Noah,

D,Hill,H.Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated, Vero cell culture-derived whole

virus influenza A/H5N1 vaccine given alone or with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant in

healthy adults Vaccine 2009 in press doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.015

24. “Bird flu mix-up could have spelled disaster”, NewScientist 6 March 2009,

http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20126983.400

25. Kenney RT and Edelman R. Survey of human-use adjuvants. Expert Review of

Vaccines April 2003; 2(2):167-88,

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m2.PEntrez.

Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum

26. “Vaccines may be linked to Gulf War Syndrome”, Chiroweb.com, June 12, 2000,

http://www.chiroweb.com/mpacms/dc/article.php?id=31730

27. “Homeless people die after bird flu vaccine trial in Poland”, Mathew Day,

Telegraph, 2 July 2008,

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/poland/2235676/Homelesspeopledie-

after-bird-flu-vaccine-trial-in-Poland.html

28. “Homeless people die after trials of bird-flu vaccine”, 10 July 2008,

Pharmaceutical Portal for Poland,

http://www.pharmapoland.com/next.php?id=62409

29. “Polish industry not dented by deaths”, Emma Dorey, Entrepreneur, 21 July

2008, http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/181991358.html

30. Pandermrix = European Public Assessment Report [EMEA] 27 September 2009,

http://www.emea.europa.eu/humandocs/Humans/EPAR/pandemrix/pandemrix.htm

31. Vaccine adjuvant system technology background information. GlaxoSmithKline,

accessed 25 July 2009, http://www.gsk.com/media/flu/flu-adjuvant.pdf

32. Collin N, de Radigues X, Kieny MP; the World Health Organization H1N1 Vaccine

Task Force.New influenza A(H1N1) vaccine: How ready are we for large-scale

production? Vaccine. 2009 Jun 26 in press doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.034

33. 1976 swine flu outbreak, Wikipedia, 22 July 2009,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_swine_flu_outbreak

34. Haber P, Sejvar J, Mikaeloff Y and DeStefano F. Vaccine and Guilaain-Barre

syndrome. Drug Saf 2009, 32, 309-23.

35. 2009 flu pandemic in the United States”, Wikipdeia, 22 July 2009,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_flu_pandemic_in_the_United_States

36. 2009 flu pandemic, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_flu_pandemic

37. “Swine flu website overwhelmed by demand as new cases double in a week”,

Owen Bowcott and Severin Carrell, The Guardian, 23 July 2009,

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jul/23/swine-flu-website-overwhelmed

38. “Swine flu: medical chief orders NHS to prepare for 65 000 deaths –with a toll

of as many as 350 a day”, Daniel Martin, The Daily Mail, 17 July 2009, T,

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1200012/Swine-flu-Every-child-16-

vaccinated--when.html

39. “Glaxo to limit tests of flu vaccine, citing urgency”, Jason Gale and Trista

Kelley, Bloomberg Press, 22 July 2009,

http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601102&sid=apkg_4J.PCEw

There are 13 comments on this article so far. Add your comment

Ingrid Blank Comment left 27th July 2009 23:11:24

Daily Mail reports on UK government “swine flu” vaccination advisor who sits on

board of company whose vaccines are classified as “bioweapons” under EU and US

regulations July 27, 2009 by birdflu666 The mainstream UK newspaper, the Daily

Mail, reports today that Professor Sir Roy Anderson, a government advisor who has

recommended mass vaccination against the 'swine flu', is a paid director of

GlaxoSmithKline, one of the vaccine company expected to earn as much as billion

pounds from its vaccines. The CDC influenza expert Nancy J. Cox sits on WHO’s

Scientific Advisrory Group of Experts (SAGE) packed with GSK, Baxter and other

vaccine company executives with “observer status” that recommended mass

vaccinations to WHO. “Government virus expert paid £116k by Tamiflu anti-viral

makers By David Derbyshire A scientist who advises the Government on swine flu is

a paid director of a drugs firm making hundreds of millions of pounds from the

pandemic. Professor Sir Roy Anderson sits on the Scientific Advisory Group for

Emergencies (Sage), a 20-strong task force drawing up the action plan for the

virus. Yet he also holds a £116,000-a-year post on the board of GlaxoSmithKline,

the company selling swine flu vaccines and anti-virals to the NHS. Sir Roy faced

demands to step down yesterday amid claims that the jobs were incompatible. ‘This

is a clear conflict of interest and should be of great concern to taxpayers and

government officials alike,’ said Matthew Elliott of the TaxPayers’ Alliance. ‘You

cannot have the man in charge of medical emergencies having any financial interest

in the management of those emergencies. We need someone totally unbiased to

tackle this crisis.’ The Department of Health and GSK denied there was a conflict

and said Sir Roy did not attend Sage meetings where vaccines and drugs were

discussed. Sir Roy was appointed to Sage to ‘provide cross-government scientific

advice regarding the outbreak of swine flu’. He was one of the first UK experts to

call the outbreak a pandemic. During an interview for Radio Four’s Today

programme on May 1, he praised the anti-flu drugs and called for their distribution.

Listeners were not told he was paid by GSK. The West London-based drugs giant

has had to defend itself from allegations of profiteering from swine flu after posting

profits of £2.1billion in the last three months. Sales of the company’s Relenza

inhaler, an alternative to Tamiflu used by pregnant women among others, are

expected to top £600million. This figure could be boosted by up to £2billion once

deliveries of the firm’s swine-flu vaccine begin in September. Sir Roy, 61, who was

unavailable for comment yesterday, earned £116,000 at GSK last year, at least a

quarter of which he received in shares.” Read more:

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1202389/Government-virus-expert-paid-

116k-Tamiflu-vaccine-makers.html#ixzz0MTbQlpR6

Bob Catalano Comment left 28th July 2009 07:07:49

**FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE** EDITORS: For review copies or interview requests,

contact: Promotional Services Department Tel: 1-800-AUTHORS Fax: 812-355-

4078 Email: promotions@iuniverse.com (When requesting a review copy, please

provide a street address.) The Great White Hoax A new, hard-hitting book

challenges the pharmaceutical industry ROSLINDALE, MA - In the United States, a

trillion dollars a year is spent on a burgeoning medical industry which proudly

proclaims, using the most sophisticated media techniques, its medical miracles. Yet,

the real truth is conveniently left behind. Hundreds of thousands of drugs now

pollute the bloodstream of the nation. Some people live to well over 100 years of

age, but the average lifespan for those medically oriented is much less. In the mid

1950s, Robert Catalano was working as a pharmacist and drugstore manager for

Robert’s Drug in Oklahoma City, and began to see some truth in the late Dr. Henry

Lindlahr’s findings. After many years of his own private study and observations,

Catalano has concluded that the use of drugs and vaccinations should be

completely abolished as a giant fraud. The Great White Hoax, (published by

iUniverse) is the result of many years of close observation, and amounts to an

enlightening assault on the pharmaceutical industry. Catalano sees that the

economy of the nation has been destroyed and part of that destruction is due to

high medical costs. In an effort to purchase health and longevity Americans have

bought sin, disease, crime, sickness, death and financial ruin. "If the medical

industry had not been caught up in the profit frenzy of drugs and medicine, we

would have virtually no disease today, and for what little we might have, we would

have a cure," Catalano says. "What the medical authorities refer to as the immune

system is actually the human body itself, housing one of the greatest forces known

to man. This force has been known to cure every disease under the sun. But in

spite of the giant strides made in some areas of health care, the medical industry is

destroying us with drugs." About the Author Bob Catalano, present owner and

operator of New England Singles Dances of Eastern Massachusetts, at age 16 was

introduced to the research of Dr. Lindlahr, who had performed cancer studies at his

own clinic in Chicago in the late 1800s. Lindlahr found that drugs and surgery did

more harm than good in the treatment of cancer. His findings were rejected by his

colleagues. The Great White Hoax Available from: www.iUniverse.com,

www.bn.com, and www.amazon.com ###

Lori Price Comment left 28th July 2009 07:07:37

Scientists have shown that tiny changes to modern flu viruses could render them as

deadly as the 1918 strain which killed millions. A US team added two genes from a

sample of the 1918 virus to a modern strain known to have no effect on mice. 07

Oct 2004 http://www.legitgov.org/flu_oddities.html Baxter working on vaccine to

stop swine flu, though admitted sending live pandemic flu viruses to subcontractor

26 Apr 2009 http://www.legitgov.org/baxter_flu_vaccine_260409.html CLG

Pandemic Action Alerts 12 Jul 2009 http://www.legitgov.org/pandemic_action.html

Lori R. Price Managing Editor Citizens For Legitimate Government

http://www.legitgov.org/

tony villar Comment left 28th July 2009 07:07:43

The Pharma drugs companies are really after the mega profits they can steal from

the vaccines.Damn the safety and Health issues.

phil Comment left 28th July 2009 21:09:52

The one Adjuvent that shows true promise based on Japanese studies is AMPLIGEN

by the company Hemespherix...No mercury, enough said.

sanyama Comment left 28th July 2009 21:09:01

thanks for posting. however, the links to dr. mercola's website are all broken - they

come up as "not found" please check them and fix. thanks.

Dr Willem Comment left 29th July 2009 14:02:36

In fact the only good adjuvant in the world is Advax, a sugar based adjuvant

developed by the Australian company Vaxine that were first in the world last week

to get a swine flu vaccine into clinical trials. No mercury, no aluminium and a

simple sugar but highly effective and safe and proven in the clinic - enough said

(www.vaxine.com.au). They are partnered with US company Protein Sciences

Corporation but say in their press releases that their ability to advance their new

vaccine and adjuvant is blocked by the GSK's and Novartis's of this world - no

surprise there

rd Comment left 29th July 2009 07:07:14

Thank you so much for this. I will spread it far and wide. I just wanted to make

sure everyone is aware of Jane Burgermeister, an Austrian journalist,

(birdflu666.wordpress.com),who is suing Baxter, WHO and a host of others for acts

of bioterrorism and intent to commit mass murder. She is also the journalist who

first exposed the story of the homeless Polish who were killed by the H5N1 vaccine

last year.

Donna Voetee Comment left 29th July 2009 17:05:17

This is spiritual warfare, as it is Hell's attempt to kill people en masse. Where are

the cries from the pulpits? I say, let the Pastors, Priests, and Rabbis be the first to

take the shots before the children and pregnant women. It is their duty to not only

feed the sheep, but PROTECT them. This could all be stopped in ONE Sunday if the

bully pulpit (literally) were engaged as it ought to be. "For the shepherds have

become stupid and have not sought the Lord; Therefore they have not prospered

and all their flock is scattered." Jer. 10:21

eb Comment left 30th July 2009 10:10:03

In the first paragraph: and extensive trafficking of love animals over long distances

I am assuming (ok hoping) this is a typo as I've never heard of the 'love animal'

industry and would be shocked to learn of its existence. eb

David MH Comment left 30th July 2009 19:07:08

eb: I believe "love animals" is a neologism for "pets". At least, I hope it is.

Mae-wan Ho Comment left 30th July 2009 21:09:53

Hi all, For"love animals" please substitute "live animals". This was a slip due to my

love for animals; and also simply far too much to write about. Please look out for

another error pointed out by Claus Nicolae Nielsen of Denmark, which will be

circulated. Neither error changes the main thesis of the report

Stan Comment left 30th July 2009 21:09:33

Thank you, Dr Mae-Wan Ho, for your continued excellent contributions to 'science

in society', and esp. for your reference in your paper 'How to Stop Bird Flu

Instead...' to the role of vitamin D in treating with the flu virus. One wonders if it

will work as well with what could quite possibly be a man-made virus; but at least

the potential is there - and, in concert with other natural anti-virals (and -

bacterials), communicates to the public the fact that there are other modalities to

treat with these sorts of challenges to the immune system than the drugs that have

been developed, all of which have their 'normal' Big Pharma load of side effects.

Keep up the excellent work, of informing the public of matters of importance.

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A Molecule linked to severe H1N1
 
 
one particular molecule called interleukin 17
..........................................................................
 
 
 
Th17 Cells
...................
 
Human IL-17 was discovered in 1995 and described as a glycoprotein ... It was reported to be produced primarily by activated T cells.... a type I transmembrane protein that exhibits a broad tissue distribution.[10] ... reported to be produced primarily by activated T cells. IL-17 is secreted as a 32 kDa homodimer that binds the IL-17 receptor (IL-17R), a type I transmembrane protein that exhibits a broad tissue distribution.[10]
 
 
 
... Function of IL-17
.....................................
 
IL-17 has pleiotropic effects on tissue cells and several immune cells and is, therefore, an important mediator in tissue inflammation (Figure 2). IL-17 mobilizes neutrophils, partly through granulopoiesis and CXC chemokine induction and partly by increasing their local survival. IL-17A and F both induce the production of various cytokines and chemokines, including tumor necrosis factor ...
 

 
Members of the IL-17 family
...................................................
 
In addition to IL-17A, members of the IL-17 family include IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E (also called IL-25), and IL-17F. All members of the IL-17 family
have a similar protein structure, with four highly conserved cysteine residues critical to their 3-dimensional shape yet they have no sequence similarity to any other known cytokines.
 
 
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continued...
 
 
 
A Molecule linked to severe H1N1
 
 
one particular molecule called interleukin 17
..........................................................................
 
 
 
Th17 Cells
...................
 
Human IL-17 was discovered in 1995 and described as a glycoprotein ... It was reported to be produced primarily by activated T cells.... a type I transmembrane protein that exhibits a broad tissue distribution.[10] ... reported to be produced primarily by activated T cells. IL-17 is secreted as a 32 kDa homodimer that binds the IL-17 receptor (IL-17R), a type I transmembrane protein that exhibits a broad tissue distribution.[10]
 
 
 
 
Apigenin, a non-mutagenic dietary flavonoid,
suppresses lupus by inhibiting autoantigen presentation for expansion of
autoreactive Th1 and Th17 cells
 
Hee-Kap Kang,1 Diane Ecklund,1 Michael Liu,1 and Syamal K Datta1
 

Conclusions
... inhibitors, such as apigenin, could be valuable for suppressing inflammation in lupus and other Th17-mediated diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, and psoriasis and in prevention of inflammation-based tumors overexpressing COX-2 (colon, breast).

Hee-Kap Kang,1 Diane Ecklund,1 Michael Liu,1 and Syamal K Datta1
 
 
Galangin Alias: 3, 5, 7-Trihydroxyflavone; Plant Source: Galangal root. (Blue Ginger)
 
The word galangal, or its variant galanga is used as a common name for all members of the genus Alpinia, and in common usage can refer to four plants, all in the Zingiberaceae (ginger family):
 
Natural flavones include Apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone),

(apigenin-7-glucoside), found in dandelion coffee
 
 
 
.......................
 
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Olive Leaf
Introduction

Olive leaf from Olea europaea, the olive tree, is native to the Mediterranean and has been known for its medieinal properties since ancient times.
 
 
It is tbe first botanical noted in the Bible, where It is described in Ezekiel 47:12, "The fruit thereof shall be for meat, and the leaf thereof for medicine."
 
 
Aneient Egyptians used it in tbe proeess of mummifying royalty, and other eultures including the Greeks employed it as a folk remedy for fever. The leaves oiOlea europaea are narrow and elongated, dusty-green on top and silvery-white underneath.'
 
 
 
The first mention of olive leaf's medicinal use in modern times was in 1843 wben Daniel Hanbury of England reported a bitter substance from olive leaf tea was tbe agent responsible for bealing malaria and associated fevers.
 
 
 
Tliese findings were reported in 1854 in tbe Pharmaceutical Journal, along with dosing instructions and a recipe for making the eurative tea." In 1898, a strong deeoetion of olive leaves was cited in King's American Dispcniatory as helpful in regulating body temperature.' In tbe last century, extracts of olive leaf have been studied in both animals and humans and bave been found to exhibit strong antimicrobial properties against viruses, bacteria, yeast, and parasites.
 
 
Olive leaf extract also has numerous cardiovascular benefits, some hypoglycemie activity, and possesses antioxidant activity.

Active Constituents

The primary olive leaf constituents are secoiridoids (oleuropein and its derivatives), hydroxytyrosol,'' polyphenols (verbascoside, apigenin-7-glucoside, and luteolin-7-glucoside),^ triterpenes including oleanolie aeid,^ and fiavonoids (rutin and diosmin).^ These eonstituents afford the tree and Its fruits and leaves resistance to damage from pathogens and insects.*^ The primary constituent, oleuropein, first isolated in 1908, is believed to be responsible for many of the therapeutic properties of olive leaf extracts.^ Although oleuropein is present in the olive fruit and oil, content In the leaf is significantly higher than in other parts of the tree.
 


Mechanisms of Action Hypotensive/Vasodilatory
 
 
The hypotensive property of olive leaf extract (OLE) was first reported in 1951'" and confirmed by Italian researebers a deeade later." These results spurred numerous in vitro and animal studies on its hypotensive properties. In 1991 researchers at tbe University of Grenada's School of Pharmacy demonstrated tbat oleuropein exhibited the vasodilatory properties likely responsible for OLE's reported hypotensive action.'^ More recently, two studies demonstrate olive leaf extract suppresses tbe L-type calcium channel both directly and indirectly, resulting in vasodilation."'^

Page 62

Alternative Medicine Review Volume 14, Number 1 2009

Antimicrobial

In 1969 researchers demonstrated olive leaf constituents ate powerfiil in vitro inhibitors of numerous viruses, including parainfluenza, herpes, pseudorabies, and some forms of polio. Nearly every virus studied, including several cold and influenza viruses, was inactivated when exposed to a constituent of OLE, calcium elenolate.'"" More recently, olive leaf extract was shown to be effective against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), inhibiting its replication via neutralization of reverse transcriptase and protease.'"'"' Olive leaf also prevents viral infcctivity by inhibiting assembly at the cell membrane, interfering with critical amino acid production, and stopping viral shedding.'^''
 
 
Olive leaf extract also inhibits many gram-negative and -positive bacteria, yeast, and parasites, including the malaria-causing PlasuwMum JiiL-iparum.^^'^'^ Its .mtibacterial activity is thought to be via either inactivation of cellular enzymes crucial for bacterial replication or direct attack on the cell membrane resulting in leakage of intracellular components, such as glutamate, potassium, and phosphorus.^"
 
 
 
 
 
................
 
 
 
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.
 
 
How Does It Work?
.................................
 
 
 
 
More on Olive Leaf extract-
 
oleuropein
....................
 

From-    nutritionplainandsimple.com
 

...there is no Calcium elenolate or Elenolic acid, ( in olive leaf extract ) but what you do find is    oleuropein.

3) Two enzymes in your blood do the job of converting oleuropein naturally. The enzymes, esterase and beta-glucosidase automatically breakdown oleuropein in the blood stream to predominately (+) dextrorotatory elenolic acid, no other process is needed. (h) (f) (d)As mentioned before elenolic acid does have stereochemistry and the dextrorotatory molecule of elenolic acid does not blood serum protein bind, remaining virucidal. That's the secret of why it works. This means that olive leaf oil extract will work in your body according to the percentage of oleuropein that's in it.
 
 
 
 
...................................
 
 
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.
 
 
 
 
More-
 
Nasal swine flu vaccine recalled ...

By Matthew Perrone and Marilynn Marchione,
Associated Press Writers ,
 
On Tuesday December 22, 2009, 7:14 pm EST

WASHINGTON (AP) -- Drugmaker MedImmune is recalling nearly 5 million doses of swine flu
 
vaccine because the nasal spray appears to lose strength over time, federal health officials
 
announced Tuesday.

Article here-
 
 

European News...

BBC
................
 
 
Healthy children will no longer be given a second dose of the swine flu vaccine, after the NI Department of Health revised its policy.

excerpt-
...It is understood there has been a higher rate of fever in young children following a second injection.
 
 

 (In case there is anymore Swine Flu Hiding In the Wings )

One More Time...

Old news but true..
November 20, 2009
 
You Don't need to have a fever to be     very ill with swine flu...
 
...This week, physicians in Queensland, Australia, wrote that 36 of the 106 patients admitted to Gold Coast Hospital with confirmed H1N1 infections actually had no fever.

(CDC's Error ?)
..........................
 
...But that warning isn't reflected in most of the agency's practical guidance, including when to keep children home from school or when parents should stay home from work or avoid public crowds. In those cases, flu is defined -- in part -- by having an elevated temperature.
Excerpts From-
 
 
Can your doctor spot H1N1?
..............................................
 
By Caleb Hellerman, CNN Medical News Senior Producer
November 20, 2009 1:26 p.m. EST

 
 
(it's     rare   but-)
 
If Your child looks ill and vomits/diarrhea ...don't wait another day... take the child to the doctor.
 
 
 
 
..............
 
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.
 
 
 

Do Not Hate The New Pharmo/ Vacc Bubble...    (Invest )
..........................................................................................................................
 
Listen Public.. You really, really, really, really, need us :)
 
 
Health and Humane Services               
...................................................
 

"Today, we face a wider range of public health threats than ever before in our
history," Sebelius said.
 
"It could be anthrax delivered in an envelope.
 
It could be a dirty bomb set off in a subway car.
 
It could be a new strain of flu that our bodies have no immunity to."
 
From-
U.S. health-threat response to be reviewed
TECHNOLOGY OUTDATED
Efforts to develop new defenses are at issue

 
Novartis received a $400 million federal grant to open its new factory, which is making flu vaccine using cells instead of eggs. (Jim R. Bounds - Bloomberg)
 
By Rob Stein
Washington Post Staff Writer
Wednesday, December 2, 2009
 

Info on -
 

Which body site is suitable for genetic vaccination?
 

New Oral Mucosal DNA Vaccine
.......................................................

..............................................................
..........................................................................
 
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0923181103000276
 
 
 
 
 

Abstract
 
Background: Direct immunization via epithelial surfaces has been considered for
many vaccine approaches, including DNA vaccines.
 
It remains to be determined,
however,
 
which body site is suitable for genetic vaccination.
 
 
Objective:
 
To characterize the effects of
 
the oral mucosa-mediated genetic vaccination,

we compared antigen-specific immune responses of the oral mucosal DNA vaccine to the
 
flank skin vaccination against influenza virus and malaria parasite.

Methods:
 
DNA vaccines against the influenza A/WSN/33 (H1N1) hemagglutinin and the malaria
 
Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite protein were administered respectively three times
 
at 3-week intervals

into the oral mucosa, skin, or liver of hamsters.
 
The effects of their vaccine were evaluated by antigen-specific antibody production and
 
cell-mediated killing activity.

Furthermore, the in vivo malaria challenge test was also performed after the vaccination.
 
Results:
 
Significant specific antibody production was not observed in each case,
 
but interferon-gamma production and cell-mediated killing activity were strongly
induced in splenic lymphocytes from hamsters with the oral vaccination.

The in vivo malaria challenge after the oral mucosal vaccination significantly delayed
the blood-appearance day of the parasites in comparison with other immunization sites
 
(P<0.05).
 
Conclusion:
 
These results suggest that gene immunization
 
via the oral mucosa may induce cell-mediated immunity
 
more efficiently than via the skin or liver,
 
and that the oral mucosa may be one of the most suitable tissues
 
for gene gun-based DNA vaccination against infectious diseases.
 
 
 
 

What's with the $ Fear Mongering $ ?
.................................................................

Lions and Tigers and Bears Oh My!
 
 
 
..."We don't know what's coming --
 
the next public health emergency we face could be much worse."
 
... all the public health threats we face today," Sebelius said.
 
 
Interesting-
 
Egg-based technology now has "gaps" at every stage in the process?
So we are trading it for Caterpillar cells...  
       :O         (is this the company they pulled vaccine from due to facial swelling?)
 
 

...The goal, Sebelius said, will be streamlined regulations that will speed the approval of
 
new technologies that are promoted through government contracts with private
 
companies.
 

(ok... as long as the public at large is not the testing ground for the
 
new technologies that are promoted through government contracts  :/     
 
Streamlined Regulations is the GOAL...   Not Safety?  )
 
excerpts- From-
 
Health officials to review disaster plan
.................................................................
Maggie Fox, Health and Science Editor
WASHINGTON
 
 
...................
 
 
 
Mary008
 
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.
 
 
 
 
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
 
(XDR) TB
................

 
 
 
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Aug 15;47(4):450-7.
..........................................................................
 
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in california, 1993-2006.
 

Banerjee R, Allen J, Westenhouse J, Oh P, Elms W, Desmond E, Nitta A, Royce S, Flood J.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
BACKGROUND:
 
Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB)

is a global public health emergency.

 
We investigated the characteristics and extent of XDR TB
...............................................................................................

in California
.....................
......................

to inform public health interventions.

METHODS:
 
XDR TB was defined as TB
 
with resistance to at least
 
isoniazid,
 
rifampin, a fluoroquinolone, and
 
1 of 3 injectable second-line drugs
 
(amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin).

Pre-XDR TB was defined as TB with resistance to
 
isoniazid and rifampin and either a fluoroquinolone or
 
second-line injectable agent but not both.
 
We analyzed TB case reports submitted to the state TB registry
 
for the period 1993-2006.
 
Local health departments and the state TB laboratory were queried to ensure complete
 
drug susceptibility reporting.
 

RESULTS:
 
Among 424 multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB cases

with complete drug susceptibility reporting,
 
18
 
(4.2%) were extensively drug resistant, and
 
77
 
(18%) were pre-extensively drug resistant.

The proportion of pre-XDR TB cases increased over time,
 
from 7% in 1993 to
 
32% in 2005 (P = .02)).
 

Among XDR TB cases, 83% of cases

involved foreign-born patients,

and 43% were diagnosed in patients
 
within 6 months after arrival in the
 
United States.

Mexico was the most common country of origin.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
 
 
Five cases (29%) of XDR TB were acquired during therapy in California.

All patients with XDR TB had pulmonary disease, and most had prolonged infectious
 
periods; the median time for conversion of sputum culture results was 195 days.
 
Among 17 patients with known outcomes, 7 (41.2%) completed therapy, 5 (29.4%)
 
 moved, and 5 (29.4%) died. One patient continues to receive treatment.

 
CONCLUSIONS:
 
XDR TB and pre-XDR TB cases comprise a substantial fraction of MDR TB cases in
 
 California, indicating the need for interventions that improve surveillance, directly
 
observed therapy, and rapid drug susceptibility testing and reporting.
 
PMID: 18616396 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
 
 
 
 
Thoughts on the TB Pandemic
........................................................
 

Let's get A Clue Here...    :)

US $ 47 Billion?    And who thinks We Aren't doing enough?

any of these people?
 
..................................
 
 
 

Tuberculosis (TB) kills close to 2 million people every year
 
Highest MDR-TB incidences are in countries of the former Soviet Union

China and India account for half the world's MDR-TB cases
 
and

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death in South Africa,57

Statistics South Africa (2008, October), ‘Mortality and causes of death in
 
South Africa, 2006: Findings from death notification’
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
.............................................................................................................
 
 
 

The funding gap is the difference between total needs for full
 
implementation of the Global Plan to Stop TB 2006-2015 and projections

of the funding that will be available over the next 10 years.
 
The total cost of the Global Plan is US$56.1 billion over ten years. This
 
includes US$9 billion for new tools working groups and US$47 billion for
 
implementation working groups.
 
 
Today, only about 45% of the total cost or an estimated US $25.3 billion
 
is likely to be available. The estimated funding gap is US $30.8 billion.
 
.................................................................................................................
 
 
TB   ( It's a Pandemic ) 

Are you asking yourself why we didn't put some of that 6 Billion Flu$
 
into this Pandemic?
 

Nearly 500,000 of the 9.2 million new cases of TB every year are
 
multidrug-resistant
 
Tuberculosis (TB) kills close to 2 million people every year
 
Highest MDR-TB incidences are in countries of the former Soviet Union

China and India account for half the world's MDR-TB cases

TB and MDR-TB are curable
 
A single person infected with MDR-TB may unknowingly infect, on
 
average, up to 15 other people

( and those 15 infect how many? )

More than 2 billion people, equal to one-third of the world's population,
 
are infected with TB bacilli, the microbes that cause TB

12 million people worldwide

source-
THE LILLY MDR-TB PARTNERSHIP
.................................................................................................................
 
 
 
 
 
TB Pandemic
........................
........................

 
 
 

March 24th 2010
is this year's
World TB Day
.........................
.................................
..........................................
 
 

...provides an opportunity for TB programs, nongovernmental
organizations, and other partners to describe problems and solutions
related to the TB pandemic and to support worldwide TB control efforts.
The U.S. theme for this year's observance is Partnerships for TB
Elimination.
 
 
 
 

Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2008 Oct;6(5):713-24.
 
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: new strains, new challenges.
Banerjee R, Schecter GF, Flood J, Porco TC.
Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0136, USA. banerjeer@peds.ucsf.edu
Extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB, defined as TB with resistance to at least isoniazid, rifampin, a fluoroquinolone and either amikacin, kanamycin or capreomycin, is a stark setback for global TB control.

Overburdened public-health systems with inadequate resources for case detection and management and high HIV coinfection rates in many regions have contributed to the emergence of XDR-TB.
 
Patients with XDR-TB have poor outcomes, prolonged infectious periods
and limited treatment options.

 
 
To prevent an epidemic of untreatable XDR-TB, improvements in XDR-TB surveillance, increased laboratory capacity for rapid detection of drug-resistant strains, better infection control and the development of new therapeutics are urgently needed.
PMID: 18847407 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
 

/pubmed/18847407?
ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_SingleItemSupl.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=3&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed
 
 
 
JAMA. 2008 Nov 12;300(18):2153-60.
 
 
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in the United States, 1993-2007.
Shah NS, Pratt R, Armstrong L, Robison V, Castro KG, Cegielski JP.
 
 
 
Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
 
 
CONTEXT:
 
Worldwide emergence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has raised global public health concern,

given the limited therapy options and high mortality.

 
OBJECTIVES:
 
To describe the epidemiology of XDR-TB in the United States and to identify unique characteristics of XDR-TB cases compared with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and drug-susceptible TB cases.
 
 
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS:
 
Descriptive analysis of US TB cases reported from 1993 to 2007. Extensively drug-resistant TB was defined as resistance to isoniazid, a rifamycin, a fluoroquinolone, and at least 1 of amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin based on drug susceptibility test results from initial and follow-up specimens.
 
 
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Extensively drug-resistant TB case counts and trends, risk factors for XDR-TB, and overall survival.
 
RESULTS:

A total of 83 cases of XDR-TB were reported in the United States from 1993 to 2007. The number of XDR-TB cases declined from 18 (0.07% of 25 107 TB cases) in 1993 to 2 (0.02% of 13 293 TB cases) in 2007, reported to date. Among those with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test results, 31 (53%) were HIV-positive.
 
Compared with MDR-TB cases, XDR-TB cases were more likely to have disseminated TB disease (prevalence ratio [PR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-3.58), less likely to convert to a negative sputum culture (PR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.33-0.94), and had a prolonged infectious period (median time to culture conversion, 183 days vs 93 days for MDR-TB; P < .001).

Twenty-six XDR-TB cases (35%) died during treatment, of whom 21 (81%) were known to be HIV-infected.
 
Mortality was higher among XDR-TB cases than among MDR-TB cases (PR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.10-3.02) and drug-susceptible TB cases (PR, 6.10; 95% CI, 3.65-10.20).
CONCLUSION: Although the number of US XDR-TB cases has declined since 1993, coinciding with improved TB and HIV/AIDS control, cases continue to be reported each year.
 
PMID: 19001626 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
 
 
..........................
 
 
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.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The prevalence of tuberculosis caused by M. bovis in developing countries ... cervical lymph node tuberculosis, was established mid-19th century when more ...
www.hpa.org.uk/HPA/Topics/InfectiousDiseases/.../1204619502284/ - Cached
  • Spoligotype Diversity of Mycobacterium bovis Strains Isolated in ...

    ... bovis BCG, which was isolated in France at the end of the 19th century. ... Human-to-Human Transmission of Tuberculosis Caused by Mycobacterium bovis in ...
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  • What's in a name …. TB or not TB? - Elsevier

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  •  
     
     
     
     
     
    ...he was able to discover the bacterium causing tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in 1882 (he announced the discovery on 24 March).
     
    Tuberculosis was the cause of one in seven deaths in the mid-19th century.
     
     
     
     
    Mycobacterium bovis
     
     ......................................................
     
     
     
     
     

    Why did they put Cows Blood in The Measels Vaccine?
    ..............................................................................................
    ...............................................................................................
     
     
     
    Here-
    BiologicsBloodVaccines
     
    The growth medium for measles and mumps is Medium 199 (a buffered salt solution containing vitamins and amino acids and supplemented with fetal bovine serum) containing SPGA (sucrose, phosphate, glutamate, and recombinant human albumin) as stabilizer and neomycin.

    The growth medium for rubella is Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) [a buffered salt solution containing vitamins and amino acids and supplemented with fetal bovine serum] containing recombinant human albumin and neomycin. Sorbitol and hydrolyzed gelatin stabilizer are added to the individual virus harvests.

    The cells, virus pools, and fetal bovine serum are all screened for the absence of adventitious agents.
     
     
    23789.pdf
     
     
     
     
     
    (Many novel vaccines are produced in animal cell substrates, and

    emerging infectious diseases may theoretically be transmitted from

    animals to humans through these vaccines.
     
     
     
     
     

    The reconstituted vaccine is for subcutaneous administration.

    Each 0.5 mL dose contains not less than 1,000 TCID50 (tissue culture infectious doses) of measles virus; 12,500 TCID50 of mumps virus; and 1,000 TCID50 of rubella virus. Each dose of the vaccine is calculated to contain sorbitol (14.5 mg), sodium phosphate, sucrose (1.9 mg), sodium chloride, hydrolyzed gelatin (14.5 mg), recombinant human albumin (≤0.3 mg),
    fetal bovine serum (<1 ppm), other buffer and media ingredients and approximately 25 mcg of neomycin. The product contains no preservative.

    Before reconstitution, the lyophilized vaccine is a light yellow compact crystalline plug. M-M-R II, when reconstituted as directed, is clear yellow.
    23789.pdf
     
     

    Hopefully there is no worry about..  
    ..............................................................
     

    Mycobacterium bovis is a slow-growing (16 to 20 hour generation time),
    aerobic bacterium and the causative agent of tuberculosis in cattle
    (known as bovine TB). Related to M. tuberculosis the bacteria which
    causes tuberculosis in humans M. bovis can also jump the species
    barrier and cause tuberculosis in humans.[1]
     
     
     
     
     
    Don't worry... they are discovering...   "therapeutic applications"
    ..............................................................................................................
     

    ..... finding increasing therapeutic applications. In the treatment of
     
    chronic granulomatous disease [6–9], and in severe malignant

    osteopetrosis [10,11], rhIFN-γ has clinically accepted beneficial

    effectiveness. Additionally, in the almost uniformly fatal progressive

    fibrosing lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    And You Thought it was Just a Cough or something?
    ..............................................................................

    ..............................................................................
     
     
    Skeletal Tuberculosis:
    ........................................

    Tuberculous osteomyelitis involves mainly the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (known as Pott's disease) followed by knee and hip. There is extensive necrosis and bony destruction with compressed fractures (with kyphosis) and extension to soft tissues, including psoas "cold" abscess.
     
     
     
     
     
    Genital Tract Tuberculosis:
    ..............................................

    .Tuberculous salpingitis and endometritis result from dissemination of tuberculosis to the fallopian tube that leads to granulomatous salpingitis, which can drain into the endometrial cavity and cause a granulomatous endometritis with irregular menstrual bleeding and infertility. In the male, tuberculosis involves prostate and epididymis most often with non-tender induration and infertility.
     
     
     
     
    Urinary Tract Tuberculosis:
    ..............................................
     
    A "sterile pyuria" with WBC's present in urine but a negative routine bacterial culture may suggest the diagnosis of renal tuberculosis. Progressive destruction of renal parenchyma occurs if not treated. Drainage to the ureters can lead to inflammation with ureteral stricture.
     
     
     
    CNS Tuberculosis:
    .................................
     
    A meningeal pattern of spread can occur, and the cerebrospinal fluid typically shows a high protein, low glucose, and lymphocytosis. The base of the brain is often involved, so that various cranial nerve signs may be present. Rarely, a solitary granuloma, or "tuberculoma", may form and manifest with seizures.
     
     
     
     
    Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis:
    ....................................................
     
    This is uncommon today because routine pasteurization of milk has eliminated Mycobacterium bovis infections. However, M. tuberculosis organisms coughed up in sputum may be swallowed into the GI tract. The classic lesions are circumferential ulcerations with stricture of the small intestine. There is a predilection for ileocecal involvement because of the abundant lymphoid tissue and slower rate of passage of lumenal contents.
     
     
     
    Adrenal Tuberculosis:
    ......................................
     
    Spread of tuberculosis to adrenals is usually bilateral, so that both adrenals are markedly enlarged. Destruction of cortex leads to Addison's disease.
     
     
     
    Scrofula:
    ................
     
    Tuberculous lymphadenitis of the cervical nodes may produce a mass of firm, matted nodes just under the mandible. There can be chronic draining fistulous tracts to overlying skin. This complication may appear in children, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum may be cultured.
     
     
     
    Cardiac Tuberculosis:
    ...................................
     
    The pericardium is the usual site for tuberculous infection of heart. The result is a granulomatous pericarditis that can be hemorrhagic. If extensive and chronic, there can be fibrosis with calcification, leading to a constrictive pericarditis.
     

    Patterns of Infection
    ....................................

    There are two major patterns of disease with TB:
    Primary tuberculosis: seen as an initial infection, usually in children. The initial focus of infection is a small subpleural granuloma accompanied by granulomatous hilar lymph node infection.

    Together, these make up the Ghon complex. In nearly all cases, these granulomas resolve and there is no further spread of the infection.
    Secondary tuberculosis: seen mostly in adults as a reactivation of previous infection (or reinfection), particularly when health status declines. The granulomatous inflammation is much more florid and widespread.

    Typically, the upper lung lobes are most affected, and cavitation can occur.

    When resistance to infection is particularly poor, a "miliary" pattern of spread can occur in which there are a myriad of small millet seed (1-3 mm) sized granulomas, either in lung or in other organs.

    ...........................................
     
     
    Bovine Tuberculosis
    Last Updated: October 15, 2007
     

    Etiology
    .................

    Bovine tuberculosis results from infection by Mycobacterium bovis, a Gram posi-tive, acid-fast bacterium in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex of the family Mycobacteriaceae.
     

    Species Affected
    ...............................
     
    Cattle are the primary hosts for M. bovis, but other domesticated and wild mammals can also be infected.
    Known maintenance hosts include brush–tailed opossums (and possibly ferrets) in New Zealand, badgers in the United Kingdom and Ireland, bison and elk in Canada, and kudu and African buffalo in southern Africa.
     

    White-tailed deer in the United States (Michigan) have been classified as maintenance hosts; however, some authors now believe they may be spillover hosts.

    Species reported to be spillover hosts include sheep, goats, horses, pigs, dogs, cats, ferrets, camels, llamas, many species of wild ruminants including deer and elk; elephants, rhinoceroses, foxes, coyotes, mink, primates, opossums, otters, seals, sea lions, hares, raccoons, bears, warthogs, large cats (including lions, tigers, leopards, cheetahs and lynx) and several species of rodents.

    Most mammals may be susceptible.
     
    (Parents what do you think of Petting Zoos? )
     

    ......................................................
     
     
     
    TuberculosisThere are two major patterns of disease with TB: ... Microscopically, the inflammation produced with TB infection is granulomatous, with epithelioid ...
    library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/TUTORIAL/MTB/MTB.html - Cached - Similar
    TUBERCULOSIS IS A GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE that results from an ...by T IS - Related articles
    Tuberculosis. NEWTON G. OSBORNE, M.D., Ph.D. TUBERCULOSIS IS A GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE that results from an infection with a species of mycobac- ...
    www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/10424060152474703
    [PDF] Differential Diagnoses in Pulmonary DiseaseFile Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - Quick View
    Interstitial Pneumonia. 3. Granulomatous disease. 4. Neoplastic disease ... TB granuloma. 5. Bronchial adenoma. 6. Solitary met. 7. Round pneumonia ...
    www.learningradiology.com/lectures/.../ddxsinchesttextpdf.pdf - Similar
     
     
     
     
    .......................
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: December 31 2009 at 9:01am
    .
     
     
    one more swine flu update... there is very little swine flu in the USA now...
     
     
    Week 50
    ...................
     
     
    By region
     
     
    Very little flu... can't picture it's return in a big way in January...
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: December 31 2009 at 9:54pm
    .
     
    source
     

    News

    09 Dec 2009

     

    Tamiflu proves no defence against swine flu virus

    Treating suspected cases of swine flu with tamiflu in patients who are otherwise healthy provides no real benefit, according to researchers at the University of Birmingham.

    In research published on bmj.com, Professor Nick Freemantle and Dr Melanie Calvert found that oseltamivir, or tamiflu, the drug used to treat the H1N1 stain of the flu virus, does not necessarily prevent complications of the virus in otherwise healthy patients. It may, they conclude, have a very modest effect on reducing symptoms, but that benefit is small and the side effects and safety of the drug should be considered.

    The team examined the results of observational studies, studies conducted in real world health care settings and data from the pharmaceutical company Roche who manufacture the drug. They found that the effects of using tamiflu to teat influenza in otherwise healthy adults were clinically unimportant.

    Professor Freemantle said: “The studies focussed on those patients that had no underlying health conditions and who were otherwise healthy and who had received early treatment of antivirals. Our analysis suggests that you have to treat between 100 and 1000 patients in optimum conditions to prevent one person from developing pneumonia.”

    The threat of a widespread global pandemic of the H1N1 strain of influenza began in April 2009. Since then the British government has stockpiled supplies of oseltamivir in preparation for a further significant outbreak of the virus this winter, and patients displaying symptoms have been prescribed the drug since the initial outbreak.

    However, Professor Freemantle says: “There is very little evidence to support the widespread use of oseltamivir in the otherwise healthy population who are developing signs of influenza like illness. We have remarkably few resources in this country to spend on pharmaceuticals on health and it’s surprising to see such widespread use of oseltamivir.”

    “However the government has gone out and bought a lot of doses of the drug and I suppose the situation is like that of gun control in the US. If you’ve got a gun in the house it’s much easier to use it. But it does not mean it’s the right thing to do.”

    Professor Freemantle and Dr Calvert’s review is published in the BMJ.

    Ends

    Notes to Editors

    ..................................
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: December 31 2009 at 10:03pm
    .
     
     
    very low  "flu like" Illness in New England and Seattle...
     
     
    Check your State>>
     
     
    Sentinel%20Region%20Column%20Chart
     
     
     
     
     a bit Higher in Region 9     for "Flu Like " Illness...
    .........................................................................................
     
    Sentinel%20Region%20Column%20Chart
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 12 2010 at 1:47pm
    .
     
     
    Still Talking about it...
     
    Insect Cells Provide the Key to Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination
    ............................................................................................

    ScienceDaily (Jan. 12, 2010) - Scientists in Vienna have developed a new technique for producing vaccines for H1N1 -- so-called swine flu -- based on insect cells. The research, published in the Biotechnology Journal, reveals how influenza vaccines can be produced faster than through the traditional method of egg-based production, revealing a new strategy for the fight against influenza pandemics.
     
     
    ................
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 12 2010 at 1:57pm
     
     
     
     
     
    When we discussed it here...   it wasn't on the Mainstream News... Now it seems all the rage?
     
     
     
     
     
    Insect Cells Instead of Eggs for Swine Flu Vaccine?

    Novel method is faster and avoids allergy issues, researchers say
     
     
    Executive Health

    January 06, 2010, 09:00

     
     
     
     
     
     
    1. Insect cells provide the key to alternative swine flu vaccination ...

      Jan 4, 2010 ... Insect cells provide the key to alternative swine flu vaccination. Published: Monday, January 4, 2010 - 19:22 in Health & Medicine ...
      esciencenews.com/.../2010/.../insect.cells.provide.key.alternative.swine.flu.vaccination - Cached
    2. Insect Cells Provide The Key To Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination ...

      Insect Cells Provide The Key To Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination. Posted on: Tuesday, 5 January 2010, 14:10 CST. New production method can meet the demand ...
      www.redorbit.com/news/health/.../insect_cells.../index.html - Cached
    3. Insect Cells provide the Key to Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination

      Insect Cells provide the Key to Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination. 04 January 2010 Wiley - Blackwell. Under embargo until 05 January 2010 00:01 GMT ...
      www.alphagalileo.org/ViewItem.aspx?ItemId=65324...en - Cached
    4. Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination Provided By Insect Cells | Chen ...

      Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination Provided By Insect Cells ... January 9th 2010. Guwahati: A bird flu scare has hit the Kaziranga National Park in Assam ...
      www.dowell-netherlands.com/2010/.../alternative-swine-flu-vaccination.html - Cached
    5. Scientists use insect cells technology for producing swine flue ...

      Jan 5, 2010 ... The team's new method turns to insect cell based technology to create ... 2000-2010 AndhraNews.net. All Rights Reserved and are of their ...
      www.andhranews.net/.../2010/January/5-Scientists-insect-cells-48772.asp - Cached
    6. Insect Cells Provide the Key to Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination

      Jan 12, 2010 ... January 12th, 2010 at 10:12 am ... Using insect cells also bypasses the disadvantages of egg-based production, such as limited production ...
      www.impactlab.com/2010/.../insect-cells-provide-the-key-to-alternative-swine-flu-vaccination/ - 5 hours ago
    7. AllRefer Health - Insect Cells Instead of Eggs for Swine Flu Vaccine?

      Jan 6, 2010 ... Insect Cells Instead of Eggs for Swine Flu Vaccine? Novel method is faster and avoids allergy issues, researchers say. Wed Jan 06, 2010, ...
      health.allrefer.com/.../20100106634628/insect-cells-instead-of-eggs-for-swine-flu-vaccine.html - Cached
    8. Insect Cells Instead of Eggs for Swine Flu Vaccine?: MedlinePlus

      Jan 5, 2010 ... Wednesday, January 6, 2010. HealthDay news image WEDNESDAY, Jan. 6 (HealthDay News) -- A method that uses insect cell-based technology ...
      www.nlm.nih.gov/enter/medlineplus/rss?feed...url...nlm.nih...93774...
    9. Insect cells provide the key to alternative swine flu vaccination

      January 4, 2010. Scientists in Vienna have developed a new technique for producing vaccines for H1N1, 'swine flu', based on insect cells. ...
      www.physorg.com/news181855630.html - Cached
    10. Insect cells could cut vaccine production to 10 weeks

      Jan 11, 2010 ... Using two insect cell lines, namely Sf9 and BTI-TN5B1-4, the team was able to .... 2000/2010 - Decision News Media SAS - All right reserved. ...
      www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/.../Insect-cells-could-cut-vaccine-production-to-10-weeks?... - Cached
     .........................
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 12 2010 at 1:58pm
    .
     
     
    If we see it often enough will we accept it?   Want to be injected with it?
     
     
     
     
    1. Researchers Produce H1N1 Vaccine With Insect Cells - Scientific ...

      Jan 5, 2010 ... Tuesday, January 5, 2010 - 15:49 in Health & Medicine. Using insect cells, scientists in Vienna have developed an alternative method for ...
      esciencenews.com/.../2010/.../researchers.produce.h1n1.vaccine.with.insect.cells - Cached
    2. Bill Perkins - Scientists Create Insect-Cell Approach to Produce ...

      Scientists Create Insect-Cell Approach to Produce Swine Flu Vaccines. Monday, 4. January 2010, 19:13:50. Austria, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, ...
      my.opera.com/SavedNotFried/blog/show.dml/6072141 - Cached
    3. Insect cells provide alternative technique for swine flu vaccine ...

      5 January, 2010. Scientists in Vienna have developed a new technique for producing swine flu vaccines based on insect cells. The research, published in the ...
      www.manufacturingchemist.com/story.asp?storycode=56885 - Cached
    4. Scientists use insect cells technology for producing swine flue ...

      Home/ sep. background blue line, Friday 8th January, 2010. Scientists use insect cells technology for producing swine flue vaccine ...
      feeds.bignewsnetwork.com/?sid=585279 - Cached
    5. Insect Cells Instead of Eggs for Swine Flu Vaccine? - US News and ...

      Jan 6, 2010 ... Comment. Posted: January 6, 2010 ... The use of insect cells also avoids other egg-based production disadvantages, such as allergic ...
      www.usnews.com/.../2010/.../insect-cells-instead-of-eggs-for-swine-flu-vaccine.html - Cached
    6. Scientists use insect cells technology for producing swine flue ...

      Jan 5, 2010 ... Scientists use insect cells technology for producing swine flue vaccine. By ANI. January 5th, 2010. WASHINGTON - Austrian researchers have ...
      blog.taragana.com/.../2010/.../scientists-use-insect-cells-technology-for-producing-swine-flue-vaccine-2623/ - Cached
    7. Darwiniana » Insect cells and H1N1

      Jan 12, 2010 ... Insect Cells Provide the Key to Alternative Swine Flu Vaccination ScienceDaily (Jan. 12, 2010) — Scientists in Vienna have developed a new ...
      darwiniana.com/2010/01/12/insect-cells-and-h1n1/ - 4 hours ago
    8. 2010.01.06 -- Insect Cells Instead of Eggs for Swine Flu Vaccine?

      Jan 6, 2010 ... January 06, 2010 ... The use of insect cells also avoids other egg-based production disadvantages, such as allergic reactions to egg ...
      www.womenshealth.gov/news/english/634628.htm - Cached
    9. Cellometer® Automated Cell Counter Applications - Insect Cells

      Insect cells are routinely used in transfection, plaques assays, ... "Improving Cell Counting Data Quality & Throughput" on Wednesday, January 20, 2010 ...
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    10. Wiley::Insect Cells Provide the Key to Alternative Swine Flu ...

      January 05, 2010. Vienna, Austria ... Using insect cells also bypasses the disadvantages of egg-based production, such as limited production capacity, ...
      ca.wiley.com/WileyCDA/PressRelease/pressReleaseId-65677.html - Cached
    .......................
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 14 2010 at 12:36pm
    .
     
     
     
    FluBlok, a next generation influenza vaccine manufactured in insect cells
     
     
     
     

    Manon M.J. CoxCorresponding%20Author%20Contact%20Information, a, E-mail%20The%20Corresponding%20Author and Jason R. Hollistera

    aProtein Sciences Corporation, 1000 Research Parkway, Meriden, CT 06450, USA


    Available online 17 March 2009.

    Abstract

    FluBlok, a recombinant trivalent hemagglutinin (rHA) vaccine produced in insect cell culture using the baculovirus expression system, provides an attractive alternative to the current egg-based trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV). Its manufacturing process presents the possibility for safe and expeditious vaccine production. FluBlok contains three times more HA than TIV and does not contain egg-protein or preservatives. The high purity of the antigen enables administration at higher doses without a significant increase in side-effects in human subjects.

    The insect cell–baculovirus production technology is particularly suitable for influenza where annual adjustment of the vaccine is required. The baculovirus–insect expression system is generally considered a safe production system, with limited growth potential for adventitious agents. Still regulators question and challenge the safety of this novel cell substrate as FluBlok continues to advance toward product approval. This review provides an overview of cell substrate characterization for expresSF cell line used for the manufacturing of FluBlok.

    In addition, this review includes an update on the clinical development of FluBlok. The highly purified protein vaccine, administered at three times higher antigen content than TIV, is well tolerated and results in stronger immunogenicity, a long lasting immune response and provides cross-protection against drift influenza viruses.

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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 15 2010 at 5:44pm
    .
     
     
     

    Analyst: Adjuvanted H1N1 vaccines helped stir Europe's debate

    Robert Roos * News Editor

    Jan 15, 2010 (CIDRAP News)

     
     
     
    Off to a bad start

     
    "I think in Europe the entire pandemic vaccine supply situation got off to a bad start
     
    because European regulators opted for adjuvanted vaccines, which resulted in a lot of
     
    negative publicity across Europe" and reduced the public's interest in getting vaccinated,
     
    Kresse told CIDRAP News.
     
     
    article here-
     
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 16 2010 at 11:02am
    .
     
    Week One
    ....................
    .........................
    .....................................
     
     
     
    Very low level of Influenza Like Illness in The US
    ......................................................................................
     
     
    INFLUENZA%20Virus%20Isolated 
     
     
     
    Week One...
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Old Time Cures
    ...........................
     
     
    Dandelions, onions, thyme, rosemary, raw honey
     
     
     
     
     
    ...............
     
     
    Mary008
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 22 2010 at 10:12pm
    ,Author KENPEI          http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Agrimonia_pilosa1.jpg
    File:Agrimonia%20pilosa1.jpg
     
     
     

    Agrimonia pilosa - Hairy Agrimony (eastern Europe, Asia)
    ................................................................................................
     
     
     
    Microbiol Immunol. 2010 Jan;54(1):11-9.
     
     
    Broad-spectrum antiviral effect of Agrimonia pilosa extract on influenza viruses.
    ..............................................................................................................................................
     
     
    Shin WJ, Lee KH, Park MH, Seong BL.
    Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749.
     
    Influenza virus continues to emerge and re-emerge, posing new threats for humans. Here we tested various Korean medicinal plant extracts for potential antiviral activity against influenza viruses. Among them,
     
     
    an extract of Agrimonia pilosa was shown to be highly effective against all three subtypes of human influenza viruses including H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A subtypes and influenza B virus.

    The EC(50) value against influenza A virus, as tested by the plaque reduction assay on MDCK cells, was 14-23 mug/ml.

     
    The extract also exhibited a virucidal effect at a concentration of 160-570 ng/ml against influenza A and B viruses when the viruses were treated with the extract prior to plaque assay.

     
    In addition, when tested in embryonated chicken eggs the extract exhibited a strong inhibitory effect in ovo on the H9N2 avian influenza virus at a concentration of 280 ng/ml.

    Quantitative RT-PCR analysis data showed that the extract, to some degree, suppressed viral RNA synthesis in MDCK cells. HI and inhibition of neuraminidase were observed only at high concentrations of the extract. And yet, the extract's antiviral activity required direct contact between it and the virus,

     
    suggesting that its antiviral action is mediated by the viral membrane, but does not involve the two major surface antigens, HA and NA, of the virus.

     
    The broad-spectrum antiviral activity of Agrimonia pilosa extract on various subtypes of influenza viruses
     
     
    merits further investigation as it may provide a means of managing avian influenza
     
    infections in poultry farms and potential avian-human transmission.
     
     
    PMID: 20055938 [PubMed - in process]
     
     
    os
    =1
     
     
     
    .......................
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 23 2010 at 11:06pm
    File:Illustration%20Agrimonia%20eupatoria0.jpg
    .
     
     
    Agrimonia eupatoria
    ................................
     
     
     is a species of agrimony that is often referred to as common agrimony, church steeples or
     
    sticklewort. The whole plant is dark green with numerous soft hairs. The soft hairs aid in
     
    the plant's seed pods sticking to any animal or person coming in contact with the plant.
     
    The flower spikes have a spicy odor like apricots.
     
     
    wikipedia
     
     
     
     
    ............................................................................
     
     
     
    Phytotherapy Research
     
    Volume 19 Issue 4, Pages 355 - 358
    Published Online: 22 Jul 2005
     
     
    Research Article
     
    Inhibition of hepatitis B virus by an aqueous extract of Agrimonia eupatoria L.
     
     
    Dur Han Kwon 1 *, Hyuk Yun Kwon 2, Hyun Jung Kim 3, Eun Joo Chang 3, Man Bae Kim 4, Seung Kew Yoon 5, Eun Young Song 1, Do Young Yoon 1, Young Hee Lee 1, In Seong Choi 1, Yong Kyung Choi 1
    1Cell Biology Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejon 305-333, Republic of Korea
    2Department of Food Technology Chungnam National University, Daejon 305-764, Republic of Korea
    3Biokorea Co. Seoul, 135-280, Republic of Korea
    4Kyongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju 660-985, Republic of Korea
    5Collge of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-040, Republic of Korea
    email: Dur Han Kwon (dhkwon@kribb.re.kr)

    *Correspondence to Dur Han Kwon, Cell Biology Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Eoundong 52, Yuseong-gu, Daejon 305-333, Republic of Korea.

    setDOI("ADOI=10.1002/ptr.1689")

    Keywords
    genus Agrimonia • antiviral activity • aqueous extracts • HBsAg • seasonal variation

    Abstract
    Inhibition of HBsAg release against hepatitis B virus (HBV) was investigated in an aqueous extract prepared from the aerial parts (stems and leaves) of Agrimonia eupatoria. The inhibitory effect on HBsAg secretion was footed using aqueous extracts of Agrimonia eupatoria at four different temperatures (37 °C 45 °C, 55 °C and 60 °C), and the extract prepared at 60 °C was found to have the greatest effect. The inhibitory activity of Agrimonia eupatoria extracts on HBsAg secretion varied over the growing season and was the highest at mid-July. This inhibitory activity was also shown with the aqueous extracts of two other species of the genus Agrimonia: A. pilosa and A. coreana pilosella. These results suggest that some plants of the genus Agrimonia contain potential antiviral activity against HBV. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

    source-
     
     
     
     
     
    ............................................
     
     
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 24 2010 at 7:09pm
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelica  by TeunSpaans
     File:Gewone%20engwortel%20R0012880%20Plant.JPG
     
     
    Angelica
    .............
     
     
     
     
    EURO W.H.O.
    ......................
    ..........................
    ........................................
     
     
     
     
    Anti-Influenza Drug Discovery: Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanistic Insight into Novel Angelicin Derivatives.

    Sat, 23 Jan 2010 20:05 GMT
     
    Anti-Influenza Drug Discovery: Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanistic Insight into Novel Angelicin Derivatives.
     
    J Med Chem. 2010 Jan 21;
     
     
    Authors: Yeh JY, Coumar MS, Horng JT, Shiao HY, Kuo FM, Lee HL, Chen IC, Chang CW, Tang WF, Tseng SN, Chen CJ, Shih SR, Hsu JT, Liao CC, Chao YS, Hsieh HP
     
     
     
     
    By using a cell-based high throughput screening campaign, a novel angelicin derivative 6a was identified to inhibit influenza A (H1N1) virus induced cytopathic effect in Madin-Darby canine kidney cell culture in low micromolar range. Detailed structure-activity relationship studies of 6a
     
     
     revealed that the angelicin scaffold is essential for activity in pharmacophore B, while meta-substituted phenyl/2-thiophene rings are optimal in pharmacophore A and C. The optimized lead 4-methyl-9-phenyl-8-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)-furo[2,3-h]chromen-2-one (8g, IC(50) = 70 nM) showed 64-fold enhanced activity compared to the high throughput screening (HTS) hit 6a.

    Also, 8g was found effective in case of influenza A (H3N2) and influenza B virus strains

    similar to approved anti-influenza drug zanamivir (4).
     

    Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that these compounds act as
    anti-influenza agents by inhibiting ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex
    associated activity and have the potential to be developed further, which
    could form the basis for developing additional defense against influenza
    pandemics.
     
     
     
    PMID: 20092255 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
     
     
     
    .......................................
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 26 2010 at 9:27am
    .
     
     
     
    India questions WHO on H1N1 false pandemic reports
    .................................................................................
     
     
     
     
     

    ..................................................................................................................
     
     
     
     
     
     
    WHO to review its handling of H1N1 flu pandemic
    ..........................................................................
     
    Tue, Jan 12 2010
     * WHO denies drug companies influenced H1N1 decisions

    * WHO says its response to flu might have been better
     
     
     
    .............................
     
     
     
     
     
     
    No U.S. decision on H1N1 vaccine orders - official
    .........................................................................
     
     

    WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The United States has made no decision on whether to cancel or

    sell any of its orders for the H1N1 vaccine, unlike some European countries with a vast
     
    oversupply of shots, a federal health official said on Thursday.
     
     
     
     
    ..........
     
     
     
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 26 2010 at 9:40am
    .
     
     
     

    Public hearing on the handling of the Swine Flu pandemic

    ................................................................................................
     
     
     
     
     
    Strasbourg, 21.01.2010- A public parliamentary hearing titled "The handling of the H1N1 pandemic: more transparency needed?" is to be held on the fringe of the plenary session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) in Strasbourg from 8.15-10 a.m. on Tuesday 26 January, immediately followed by a press conference.
     
     
     
    The hearing, organised by the Assembly's Committee on Social, Health and Family Affairs,
     
    will bring together representatives of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and of
     
    European vaccine manufacturers, as well as independent medical experts, to discuss this
     
    topic with parliamentarians. Some members of the Assembly- including the outgoing Chair
     
    of PACE's Sub-committee on Health Wolfgang Wodarg (Germany, SOC) - requested in a
     
    motion in December that the Assembly look into this question.

     

    The hearing is open to the press. Both hearing and press conference will be webcast live.

     
    The Assembly may also hold an urgent debate on this topic on Thursday 28 January at 10 a.m., if it decides to do so when it adopts its agenda (around midday on Monday 25 January). In this case, the Assembly would debate and vote on a draft resolution.

    Programme and list of participants (PDF)

    Biographies of participants (PDF)

    Motion by Mr Wodarg and others (PDF)

    Session announcement

    Practical arrangements

    The hearing takes place from 8.15a.m. to 10a.m. in Room 1 of the Palais de l'Europe in Strasbourg, and is open to the press.

    Media interested in attending are invited to request accreditation from Danielle Schreiber-Somoza of the Council of Europe's Communication Directorate, e-mail danielle.schreiber-somoza@coe.int, tel. +33 3 88 41 25 44.

    Video of both the hearing and the following press conference - in the original language and interpreted into English and French - will be webcast live via the following link: http://tv.coe.int/internet/press.html. Video recordings will also be available for download later.

    If an urgent debate takes place on Thursday morning, this will also be webcast live from the following link: http://tv.coe.int/internet. Additional documentation is available on the Assembly’s website http://assembly.coe.int.

    For further information, please contact Micaela Catalano, Francesc Ferrer, Angus Macdonald or Nathalie Bargellini of PACE’s Communication Division on e-mail pace.com@coe.int, tel. +33 (0)3 88 41 31 93.

    1 . Following the recent parliamentary elections in Germany, Mr Wodarg ceases to be a member of the Assembly, and Chair of its Sub-committee on Health, on Monday 25 January. He will attend the hearing in an expert capacity.

    Council of Europe Directorate of Communication
    Tel: +33 (0)3 88 41 25 60
    Fax:+33 (0)3 88 41 39 11

    pressunit@coe.int

    www.coe.int

     
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    Mary008 View Drop Down
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    Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Mary008 Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: January 26 2010 at 10:10am
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