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Nigeria: Cholera

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    Posted: May 23 2018 at 12:52pm
May 23, 2018 / 9:46 AM / Updated 10 hours ago

Cholera outbreak kills 12 in northeast Nigeria


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WHO deploys personnel to rapidly control cholera outbreak in Adamawa state

Report
from World Health Organization
Published on 28 May 2018 View Original

Yola, 28 May 2018 - The World Health Organization (WHO has deployed 39 staff with plans underway to engage additional 15 ad-hoc personnel, to rapidly contain a confirmed outbreak of cholera in Mubi North and South local government areas (LGAs) of Adamawa state.

“We have swiftly deployed technical staff to coordinate partners’ response to the current outbreak, support case management, surveillance and contact tracing of suspected cases to guide interventions and ensure that the outbreak does not spread to other locations,” says Dr Wondimagegnehu Alemu, WHO Representative (WR) to Nigeria.

As of 26 May 2018, 434 suspected cases, amongst which 13 deaths have been reported in the affected areas. This has necessitated the health authority to activate an Emergency Operations Centre for concerted response and rapid decision-making.

“The transmission rate of the ongoing cholera outbreak in Adamawa state is indeed worrisome,” “Notwithstanding, WHO is leveraging on its past experience and lessons learnt in controlling major cholera outbreaks in internally displaced persons camps and host communities, especially in Borno and Yobe states, he added.

WHO is coordinating the response activities, including active surveillance within communities and health facilities, case management of reported cases as well as daily review meeting at the Emergency Operations Centre, to ensure timely control of the outbreak.

For her part, Adamawa state Commissioner for Health Dr Fatima Atiku Abubakar emphasized that the state health authority is collaborating with WHO and other partners to ensure that the outbreak currently reported from 12 wards of Mubi North and South LGAs is controlled.

“In response to the ongoing cholera transmission in parts of Mubi North and South, we have activated all the relevant sectors including WASH, designated a cholera treatment centre at General Hospital in Mubi North LGA and activated an Emergency Operations Centre to rapidly interrupt the transmission,” said Dr Atiku Abubakar. “These efforts are already yielding results indicated by a decline in the trend of case fatality ratio which was 17% as of 12 May 2018 but reduced to 3% in less than 2 weeks”, she added.

Since the onset of the outbreak, WHO has been actively coordinating response activities, including daily review meeting at the Emergency Operations Centre, active surveillance in communities and health facilities and case management to ensure timely control of the outbreak.

Other activities ongoing to bring the outbreak under control include house-to-house sensitization by mothers in host communities. Traditional and religious leaders have also been sensitized while media announcements are underway to ensure people in the communities are aware of the risk of cholera, how it spreads and how to prevent it. Cholera is relatively easy to treat, but it can also kill quickly if not treated promptly. This is why it is so important that the populations are aware of its dangers, and the importance of immediate rehydration if infected. Although, reported cases are still contained in Mubi North and South LGAs with a decline in case fatality ratio, more efforts are needed and urgently too, as the incidence rate soars daily to avoid spread to other parts of the state.

Adamawa is one of the most affected states in the ongoing insurgency in northeast Nigeria. According to WHO Health Resources Availability Mapping System (HeRAMS), only 45% of 1,120 health facilities are fully functional and overstretched in a situation where 1.6 million people are in need of various humanitarian support including health.

Source:   https://eliefweb.int/report/nigeria/who-deploys-personnel-rapidly-control-cholera-outbreak-adamawa-state

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Technophobe Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: June 04 2018 at 12:33am
Nasawara University has an outbreak and one death so far.  Their local poblic official had not bothered even reporting it.

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Post Options Post Options   Thanks (0) Thanks(0)   Quote Technophobe Quote  Post ReplyReply Direct Link To This Post Posted: September 07 2018 at 1:50am
WHO scales up response as Borno declares another outbreak of cholera

Maiduguri, 6 September 2018 - The World Health Organization (WHO) is deploying personnel, treatment kits, laboratory equipment as well as infection prevention and control supplies to prevent further fatalities due to another wave of cholera outbreak in Borno state. With the laboratory confirmation of samples of suspected cholera cases sent to the National Reference Laboratory Abuja, the Borno Ministry of Health on 06 September 2018 officially declared an outbreak of cholera in the state.

Commissioner for Health, Dr Haruna Mshelia, made the pronouncement during a Press briefing in Maiduguri. According to him, “the official declaration has become important to enable partners and Non-Governmental Organizations mobilize enough resources for a comprehensive response to the outbreak which is presently concentrated in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Jere, Kaga, Konduga and Magumeri local government areas.

Consequently, I hereby activate the Emergency Operations Centre for coordination of partners’ response,” said Dr Mshelia. He urged all partners, based on comparative capacities, to support the state Ministry of Health to establish and manage cholera treatment centres, intensify house-to-house case search, risk communication activities, improve water, sanitation and hygiene facilities as well as other interventions to ensure that the transmission is interrupted on record time.

Prior to the official declaration of the outbreak, WHO engaged nearly 200 community health champions to conduct house-to-house active search for suspected cholera cases, distribute water purification tablets (aquatabs) and oral rehydration solution (ORS) as well as provide households with lifesaving messages on cholera preventive behaviours especially sanitation and hygiene.

“With a prior knowledge of the environment and season, WHO has in the past thee weeeks, deployed personnel to the field to reinforce early detection and reporting suspected cases of acute watery diarrhea in parts of Borno state” Dr Collins Owili, the Emergency Manager, WHO Health Emergency Programme for the Northeast said. According to him, prioritized areas include internally displaced persons camps, especially those located within Maiduguri.

In other parts of the state, including Benisheik in Kaga local government area (LGA), Auno in Konduga, Gajigana in Magumeri and Old Maiduguri in Jere LGAs, WHO hard-to-reach teams have been providing the urgently needed treatment, comprising oral rehydration therapy to suspected diarrhea patients and conducting health promotion activities. Other partners have established a cholera treatment centre at Dala and mobilized ambulance vehicles for rapid response.

As of 05 September 2018, the teams collectively reported more than 380 cases of suspected cholera, including 14 deaths. Over 250 cases have been treated and discharged. Earlier in the year, WHO through the cholera after action review (AAR) coordinated the development of Borno state cholera preparedness plan which guided the prepositioning of cholera treatment kits in high risk locations, mapped partners’ capacities and predicted vulnerable locations for close monitoring ahead of the cholera peak seasons.

Presently, the government in collaboration with UN agencies and international NGOs has committed to establish cholera treatment centres to manage reported cases. In addition, LGA authorities have been empowered financially to activate rapid response mechanisms in their areas should there be an upsurge of suspected cases. It is hoped that these measures will reverse the current upsurge of suspected cases and avoid having large outbreaks as have been seen in the past.

Source:   https://www.nbnnews.com.au/2018/09/06/confirmed-case-of-parvo-virus-in-the-upper-hunter/
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UPDATE

Cholera – Niger : Disease outbreak news, 5 October 2018
Report
from World Health Organization
Published on 05 Oct 2018 — View Original

On 15 July, the outbreak of cholera was officially declared by the Ministry of Public Health of Niger. The first three cases were residents of Nigeria from Jibiya Local Government Area (LGA) in Katsina State on the border with Niger. The cases were all from the same family and reportedly had an onset of symptoms in Jibiya LGA before seeking treatment on 5 July 2018 at a health facility in a bordering town in Niger. Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 Inaba was confirmed in stool samples from all three cases, one of which died within minutes of admission. In addition to these cases, six cases were reported in the following two days from villages in Niger located approximately 4km away from Jibiya LGA. Since then, the outbreak has continuously expanded geographically and in magnitude with peaks of around 400 cases reported in two weeks in August and in early September.

As of 1 October 2018, 3692 cases (14% of these were cases in Nigerian residents seeking care in Niger) with 68 deaths (case fatality rate = 1.8%) have been reported from twelve health districts in four regions: Dosso, Maradi, Tahoua, and Zinder. Four affected districts (Aguié, Guidam Roumji, Madarounfa, and Maradi commune) in Maradi Region and two affected districts (Birni Koni, and Mabalza) in Tahoua Region are on the border with Nigeria, while Gaya District in Dosso Region is close to the border with both Benin and Nigeria. Overall, 34 cases from four regions have been confirmed for Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba at the Centre for Medical and Health Research (CERMES) in Niamey: Dosso Region (1), Zinder Region (3), Maradi Region (10) and Tahoua region (20).

Poor sanitary conditions in the affected areas have been implicated in the spread of the outbreak. Frequent population movement between Niger and neighbouring Katsina State in Nigeria, which is also experiencing an upsurge in cases of cholera, is likely impacting on the outbreak.

Public health response

The following public health response sections have been implemented:

    Multisectoral cholera outbreak coordination structures have been set up at the district, regional and national levels. A regular National Epidemic Management Committee (NEMC) meeting is being held under the leadership of the Ministry of Health (MoH).In addition, WHO is finalizing the WHO action plan to support the MoH.

    WHO is supporting the deployment of eight epidemiologists to the Maradi and Tahoua regions to support surveillance activities.

    Surveillance activities are being scaled up with support from WHO and other partners and the daily reporting and line listing of cases have been established.

    Cholera treatment centres have been put in place by the Ministry of Health with the support of Médecins Sans Frontières, and the Non-governmental Organization (NGO) ALIMA (partnered with the local NGO Bien Être de la Femme et l'Enfant au Niger (BEFEN)). In total, six treatment sites have been set up in the affected districts and initial medical supplies have been dispatched. Niger has laboratory capacity through the national laboratory (CERMES) which confirmed Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 Inaba.

    Social mobilization and risk communication activities are being scaled-up with support from UNICEF and Niger Red Cross, focusing on hygiene messages.

    Currently, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) activities are focusing on the distribution of aqua tabs.

WHO risk assessment

The current outbreak started in Madarounfa district in Maradi Region, one of the known hotspots for cholera along the Niger – Nigeria border, and has since spread to three geographically dispersed regions, including some of the most affected districts during previous cholera outbreaks. These areas are classified as high-risk areas for the spread of cholera given the presence of local risk factors such as poor hygiene and sanitary conditions coupled with significant population movement and trade between these districts and neighbouring areas in Nigeria. With the ongoing rainy season and the increase in cases in neighbouring Katsina State in Nigeria, the potential for further spread of the disease both within Niger and across the border with Nigeria is high. The population in the capital city Niamey as well as neighbouring Benin are at risk of being affected given the confirmation of cases in the Dosso Region which is a major trading hub on the border with Benin but also links the capital city Niamey. The bridge connecting Niger to Benin across the Niger River close to Gaya town has collapsed on 5 September, which may slow down population movement across this particular border but also forces the population to travel longer distances (possibly through Burkina Faso and Nigeria) to maintain economic and personal links with the other countries in the region.

The recent upsurge of cholera cases in Borno State in Nigeria also puts the population in Niger’s Diffa Region at risk given porous borders and mass movement in this area.

The last major cholera outbreak reported in Niger occurred in 2014 and involved more than 2000 cases.

WHO advice

WHO recommends proper and timely case management in Cholera Treatment Centres. Improving access to potable water and sanitation infrastructure, and improved hygiene and food safety practices in affected communities, are the most effective means of controlling cholera. Key public health communication messages should be provided.

WHO advises against any restriction to travel to and trade with the international community based on the information available on the current outbreak.

Source:   https://reliefweb.int/report/niger/cholera-niger-disease-outbreak-news-5-october-2018
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