http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full
The Viking-age Norse established settlements on the southwestern coast of Greenland about A.D. 1000, and these continued to be occupied until the early 15th century. Although less than 400 km separated the Norse Greenlandic colonies from the coasts of Arctic Canada, and explorations to the west of Greenland are described in Icelandic sagas, surprisingly little is known of ventures to North America. The archaeological site at L'Anse aux Meadows in northern Newfoundland confirms saga accounts that the Norse established a short-lived station in Atlantic Canada at some time around A.D. 1000 (Ingstad, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full#gea21497-bib-0007 - 1985 ; Linderoth Wallace, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full#gea21497-bib-0012 - 2003 , http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full#gea21497-bib-0013 - 2006 ). In Arctic Canada and northwestern Greenland a number of Norse artifacts have been found in the remains of early Inuit settlements dating to the 13th or 14th centuries, suggesting occasional contact with the Greenlandic Norse or the salvage of a Norse shipwreck by Inuit who had recently arrived in the area from their Alaskan homeland (Schledermann, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full#gea21497-bib-0023 - 1980 ; McCullough, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full#gea21497-bib-0017 - 1989 ). Until recently the Norse presence in the eastern North American Arctic and Subarctic was assumed to have been limited to brief and infrequent explorations (Jones, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full#gea21497-bib-0010 - 1986 ; Linderoth Wallace, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.21497/full#gea21497-bib-0012 - 2003 ).
------------- We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them. ~Albert Einstein
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